questionBankData (Comprehensive Radiology: 1)
אין להתקין סקריפט זה ישירות. זוהי ספריה עבור סקריפטים אחרים // @require https://update.sleazyfork.org/scripts/499051/1401481/questionBankData.js
const questionBankData = {
"questions": [
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "胸腺位于",
"options": [
"前上纵隔",
"前下纵隔",
"中纵隔",
"后上纵隔",
"后下纵隔"
],
"correct_answer": "前上纵隔",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "纵隔向患侧牵引移位可见于",
"options": [
"大量胸腔积液",
"肺实变",
"气胸",
"血气胸",
"肺不张"
],
"correct_answer": "肺不张",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于肺实变的描述不包括",
"options": [
"肺野透亮度增加",
"实变肺野呈片状致密影",
"一般不伴有肺容积改变",
"大叶性肺炎可出现肺实变",
"可出现支气管气象"
],
"correct_answer": "肺野透亮度增加",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "冠状动脉硬化性心脏病诊断金标准为",
"options": [
"MRI",
"冠状动脉造影",
"MSCT",
"USG",
"核素扫描"
],
"correct_answer": "冠状动脉造影",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "急腹症中，腹部CT较X线平片的优点，下列不正确的是",
"options": [
"能发现腹腔少量游离气体",
"能早期发现腹腔积液并大致了解其性质",
"能早期发现实质性脏器大小及空腔脏器管腔大小的改变",
"直接显示腹腔内肿块结构，有无钙化、坏死液化等",
"CT扫描能明确诊断，可替代X线平片检查"
],
"correct_answer": "CT扫描能明确诊断，可替代X线平片检查",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "泌尿系统结石的首选检查方法是",
"options": [
"静脉肾盂造影",
"逆行肾盂造影",
"膀胱造影",
"腹部泌尿系统平片",
"CT扫描"
],
"correct_answer": "腹部泌尿系统平片",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "坏血病是由于哪种维生素缺乏",
"options": [
"维生素A",
"维生素B",
"维生素C",
"维生素D",
"维生素E"
],
"correct_answer": "维生素C",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "椎体骨折最常见的表现为",
"options": [
"横形骨折",
"斜形骨折",
"螺旋形骨折",
"压缩骨折",
"凹陷骨折"
],
"correct_answer": "压缩骨折",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "不属于胃、十二指肠钡餐造影检查适应证的是",
"options": [
"胃及十二指肠炎症性病变",
"十二指肠穿孔",
"胃及十二指肠溃疡性病变",
"胃及十二指肠肿瘤性病变",
"胃及十二指肠手术后复查"
],
"correct_answer": "十二指肠穿孔",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "胆石症患者首选的影像学检查是",
"options": [
"腹部CT",
"腹部超声",
"腹部平片",
"腹部MRI",
"ERCP"
],
"correct_answer": "腹部超声",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "观察上颌窦首选X线投照位置为",
"options": [
"头颅正位",
"头颅侧位",
"颅底位",
"华氏位",
"柯氏位"
],
"correct_answer": "华氏位",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "诊断鼻窦真菌的最佳检查方法是",
"options": [
"平片",
"CT平扫",
"CT增强扫描",
"MRI",
"B超"
],
"correct_answer": "CT平扫",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列有关眼眶内海绵状血管瘤，错误的是",
"options": [
"是成人最常见的眼眶内原发性肿瘤",
"中年女性多见",
"眼外肌明显增粗",
"可有眼球突出",
"MRI明显长T2信号"
],
"correct_answer": "眼外肌明显增粗",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列有关眼眶内炎性假瘤，错误的是",
"options": [
"一般为单侧",
"泪腺增大",
"眼外肌增粗，以肌腹增粗为主，肌腱正常",
"可有眼球突出",
"增强后轻中度强化"
],
"correct_answer": "眼外肌增粗，以肌腹增粗为主，肌腱正常",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于甲状腺肿物CT检查的描述，不正确的是",
"options": [
"确定肿瘤性与非肿瘤性病变非常困难",
"不能鉴别肿瘤的良恶性",
"不能确定肿瘤的范围",
"增强扫描有助于病变检出",
"可判断有无淋巴结转移"
],
"correct_answer": "不能确定肿瘤的范围",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "鼻咽癌常规X线检查位置为",
"options": [
"鼻咽侧位",
"颅底位",
"颈侧位",
"汤氏位",
"鼻咽侧位+颏顶位"
],
"correct_answer": "鼻咽侧位+颏顶位",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "视神经胶质瘤MRI表现",
"options": [
"肿瘤在T1WI呈中等偏低信号，T2WI呈明显高信号",
"患者蛛网膜下腔不增宽，显示为肿瘤周围T1长T2信号，与脑脊液信号相似",
"增强后不强化",
"MRI检查不容易发现累及球壁段或颅内段",
"非首选检查方法"
],
"correct_answer": "肿瘤在T1WI呈中等偏低信号，T2WI呈明显高信号",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "中耳的组成",
"options": [
"上鼓室、鼓窦（乳突窦）、咽鼓管、乳突",
"鼓室、鼓窦（乳突窦）、咽鼓管、乳突",
"鼓室、上鼓窦(乳突窦）、咽鼓管、乳突",
"上鼓室、上鼓窦（乳突窦）、咽鼓管、乳突",
"鼓室、鼓窦(乳突窦）、咽鼓管"
],
"correct_answer": "鼓室、鼓窦（乳突窦）、咽鼓管、乳突",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "听神经瘤影像学表现不正确的是",
"options": [
"为桥小脑角池肿瘤，内耳道扩大，明显强化",
"多数与脑组织等密度，平扫不易发现，常规行增强检查",
"CT气脑池造影可以显示早期管内型听神经瘤，表现为局部肿块，但为创伤性检查",
"MRIT1WI信号略低，T2WI信号高。Gd-DTPA增强后不强化",
"3DFSE的重T2WI能显示直径2mm的小听神经瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "MRIT1WI信号略低，T2WI信号高。Gd-DTPA增强后不强化",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "鼻窦炎影像学表现",
"options": [
"CT表现为黏膜增厚和窦腔密度增高",
"窦腔软组织影内见不规则钙化提示并发真菌感染",
"窦腔呈低密度影，增强后无强化，窦壁膨胀性改变提示鼻窦黏液囊肿",
"MRI检查T2WI窦腔常为等信号",
"MRI增强后只有黏膜呈均匀强化"
],
"correct_answer": "CT表现为黏膜增厚和窦腔密度增高",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "鼻咽癌影像学表现错误的是",
"options": [
"病变向前突向后鼻孔，侵犯翼腭窝，破坏蝶骨翼板及上颌窦、蝶窦后壁进入眶内",
"向后侵犯头长肌、枕骨斜坡、环椎前弓侧块，侵犯舌下神经管",
"向外侵犯咽鼓管圆枕、腭帆张肌、腭帆提肌、翼内肌、翼外肌，侵入颞下窝、颈动脉鞘、茎突",
"向上破坏颅底并通过卵圆孔、破裂孔进入颅内累及海绵窦",
"向下侵犯口咽、喉"
],
"correct_answer": "病变向前突向后鼻孔，侵犯翼腭窝，破坏蝶骨翼板及上颌窦、蝶窦后壁进入眶内",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于喉癌的CT诊断错误的是",
"options": [
"软组织密度，突向喉腔内，压迫梨状隐窝使其变小消失",
"肿瘤通过前联合侵犯对侧或喉旁间隙内，破坏甲状软骨板",
"肿瘤强化明显",
"CT还可显示颈部间隙内肿大的淋巴结",
"不侵犯喉外肌群"
],
"correct_answer": "不侵犯喉外肌群",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "眼炎性假瘤肌炎型为眼外肌增粗典型表现",
"options": [
"单侧眼外肌肌腹",
"双侧眼外肌肌腱",
"单侧眼外肌肌腹和肌腱",
"双侧眼外肌肌腱和肌腱",
"仅下直肌增粗"
],
"correct_answer": "单侧眼外肌肌腹和肌腱",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "听神经瘤的可靠诊断依据是",
"options": [
"脑外肿瘤",
"CPA区肿瘤，瘤体较大时可囊变坏死",
"明显强化",
"增强扫描时肿瘤明显强化且与听神经相连",
"内听道扩大"
],
"correct_answer": "增强扫描时肿瘤明显强化且与听神经相连",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "颅底骨折的间接征象是",
"options": [
"硬膜下血肿",
"头皮血肿",
"脑血肿",
"硬膜外血肿",
"鼻窦和乳突气房出现气液平面"
],
"correct_answer": "鼻窦和乳突气房出现气液平面",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "上、中、下肺野的分界线是",
"options": [
"第2、4肋骨后端上缘的水平线",
"第4、8胸椎上缘的水平线",
"第2、4肋骨前端上缘的水平线",
"第2、4肋骨前端下缘的水平线",
"第4、8胸椎下缘的水平线"
],
"correct_answer": "第2、4肋骨前端下缘的水平线",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "右下肺叶分为几个肺段",
"options": [
"2",
"3",
"4",
"5",
"6"
],
"correct_answer": "5",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "肺纹理主要由下列哪种结构组成",
"options": [
"肺血管",
"肺实质",
"支气管",
"淋巴管",
"肺间质"
],
"correct_answer": "肺血管",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于肺纹理下列不正确的是",
"options": [
"肺纹理自肺门向延伸，逐渐变细",
"上肺野纹理比下肺野多而粗",
"右下肺纹理可延伸至膈肌下肝区内",
"右下肺纹理比左下肺明显",
"心包积液时上肺纹理可明显增粗"
],
"correct_answer": "上肺野纹理比下肺野多而粗",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "正常成人右下肺动脉干宽度不超过",
"options": [
"11mm",
"12mm",
"13mm",
"14mm",
"15mm"
],
"correct_answer": "15mm",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "在纵隔分区九分法中，上下纵隔的分界线为",
"options": [
"主动脉弓上缘",
"主动脉弓下缘",
"胸骨柄体交界处至第4胸椎下缘水平线",
"右侧肺门",
"左侧肺门"
],
"correct_answer": "胸骨柄体交界处至第4胸椎下缘水平线",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "神经源性肿瘤多见于",
"options": [
"前上纵隔",
"后纵隔",
"前下纵隔",
"中纵隔",
"肺尖区"
],
"correct_answer": "后纵隔",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "阻塞性肺不张X线检查，下列正确的是",
"options": [
"由多种原因导致肺内含气量增加，肺容积减小",
"叶间裂呈向心性移位",
"在肺不张影像中多见支气管气象",
"肺野密度增高，少见纵隔移位",
"发生部位不同，表现均相同"
],
"correct_answer": "叶间裂呈向心性移位",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "厚壁空洞是指空洞壁",
"options": [
"＞2cm",
"＞3cm",
"＞4cm",
"＞5cm",
"＞6cm"
],
"correct_answer": "＞3cm",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列哪种病变不会出现空洞",
"options": [
"肺结核",
"肺大疱",
"肺脓肿",
"肺癌",
"韦格纳肉芽肿"
],
"correct_answer": "肺大疱",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "胸片上双侧肺门影增大可见于",
"options": [
"大叶性肺炎",
"高血压性心脏病",
"慢性纤维空洞型肺结核",
"法洛四联症",
"慢性肺源性心脏病"
],
"correct_answer": "慢性肺源性心脏病",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "肺门缩小可见于",
"options": [
"肺结核",
"肺癌",
"结节病",
"法洛四联症",
"淋巴瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "法洛四联症",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列哪项为肺部恶性肿瘤表现",
"options": [
"肿块边缘光滑，生长缓慢",
"肿块有“爆米花”样钙化",
"肿块呈分叶状，有短细毛刺",
"肿块呈圆形，周围有纤维化及卫星灶",
"肿块出现均匀薄壁空洞并液平"
],
"correct_answer": "肿块呈分叶状，有短细毛刺",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "Kerley B线可见于",
"options": [
"大叶性肺炎",
"肺结核",
"肺癌",
"风湿性心脏病二尖瓣损害",
"原发性肺动脉高压"
],
"correct_answer": "风湿性心脏病二尖瓣损害",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "肺隔离症最重要的确诊依据是",
"options": [
"好发于两下肺后基底段，尤以左下多见",
"青年患者居多，多数无明显症状",
"呈三角形或类圆形，其内可见囊性结构，边缘多清楚",
"螺旋CT动态增强显示血供来自体循环",
"CT增强实质部分强化"
],
"correct_answer": "螺旋CT动态增强显示血供来自体循环",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "气管异物相关影像，下列不正确的是",
"options": [
"阻塞性肺气肿",
"阻塞性肺不张",
"膈肌矛盾运动",
"纵隔摆动",
"肺野周围高密度影"
],
"correct_answer": "肺野周围高密度影",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "确定支气管扩张诊断、类型及范围的最佳选择是",
"options": [
"高分辨力CT",
"MRI",
"X线",
"支气管造影",
"常规CT"
],
"correct_answer": "高分辨力CT",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "间质性肺炎最典型的表现为",
"options": [
"病变较为广泛，好发于肺门区及双下肺野",
"肺门影增大，密度增高",
"肺纹理增粗模糊",
"地图状磨玻璃影",
"网格状影伴大小均匀的小结节影"
],
"correct_answer": "网格状影伴大小均匀的小结节影",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于气胸，下列正确的是",
"options": [
"纵隔向患侧移位",
"气胸区域肺纹理稀少",
"可合并有肺大疱",
"自发性气胸多发于矮胖体型者",
"立位胸片示外高内低致密影"
],
"correct_answer": "可合并有肺大疱",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "发现肺内小病灶最好的检查方法是",
"options": [
"超声检查",
"MRI",
"CT",
"X线正、侧位片",
"X线体层摄影"
],
"correct_answer": "CT",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "对检出转移性骨肿瘤最敏感且无假阳性的方法是",
"options": [
"核素",
"MRI",
"X线片",
"CT",
"DSA"
],
"correct_answer": "MRI",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列哪一项是骨肉瘤的好发部位",
"options": [
"胫骨近端及股骨远端",
"肱骨远端",
"肱骨近端",
"腓骨远端",
"掌指骨"
],
"correct_answer": "胫骨近端及股骨远端",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "不是骨嗜酸性肉芽肿表现的是",
"options": [
"多为单骨发病",
"周围常有硬化",
"CT示破坏区周边无软组织肿块",
"颅骨常呈“地图样”改变",
"MRI示病变呈长T1长T2信号"
],
"correct_answer": "CT示破坏区周边无软组织肿块",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "骨肉瘤的肿瘤骨X线表现不包括",
"options": [
"云絮状",
"与骨皮质垂直的针状",
"环状或半环状",
"斑块状",
"象牙质样"
],
"correct_answer": "环状或半环状",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "诊断骨肿瘤最重要的一项是",
"options": [
"确定部位",
"进行分类，确定组织来源",
"判断范围、大小",
"良、恶性鉴别",
"名称的确定"
],
"correct_answer": "良、恶性鉴别",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "不是骨肿瘤生长方式的是",
"options": [
"突出性生长",
"浸润性生长",
"膨胀性生长",
"弥漫性生长",
"种植性生长"
],
"correct_answer": "种植性生长",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列不属于介入治疗的是",
"options": [
"穿刺引流术",
"经导管栓塞术",
"中央静脉置管术",
"管腔成形术",
"下腔静脉滤器置放术"
],
"correct_answer": "中央静脉置管术",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "可用于介入检查的设备是",
"options": [
"PET",
"MR",
"ECG",
"CR",
"EEG"
],
"correct_answer": "MR",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "支架可用于下列哪种疾病的治疗",
"options": [
"胃底静脉曲张破裂出血",
"颈内动脉动脉瘤",
"原发性肝癌",
"肾动-静脉畸形",
"胆总管狭窄"
],
"correct_answer": "胆总管狭窄",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "可获得动态影像的介入设备是",
"options": [
"CT",
"MR",
"B超",
"CR",
"DSA"
],
"correct_answer": "DSA",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "介入治疗栓塞物不包括",
"options": [
"血凝块",
"明胶海绵",
"骨水泥",
"弹簧圈",
"可脱球囊"
],
"correct_answer": "骨水泥",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "出血疾病的DSA表现有",
"options": [
"动脉分支走行紊乱",
"实质期异常染色",
"血管迂曲成团",
"造影剂溢出血管轮廓外",
"造影剂呈点、片状分布"
],
"correct_answer": "造影剂溢出血管轮廓外",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "肿瘤的DSA表现不包括",
"options": [
"供血动脉主干增粗、推移",
"病变区域异常染色",
"静脉内瘤栓所致充盈缺损",
"局部动脉瘤样扩张",
"局部淡薄的异常染色"
],
"correct_answer": "局部动脉瘤样扩张",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列不属于栓塞治疗过程的是",
"options": [
"动脉造影，明确病变部位",
"动脉造影，明确病变血管",
"动脉造影，明确血管走行",
"动脉造影，明确病变范围",
"动脉造影，明确病变性质"
],
"correct_answer": "动脉造影，明确病变性质",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "永久性栓塞物包括",
"options": [
"碘油",
"弹簧圈",
"明胶海绵",
"自体血块",
"微球"
],
"correct_answer": "弹簧圈",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "实质器官栓塞治疗的目的不包括",
"options": [
"组织坏死",
"功能减退",
"改善器官功能",
"减少手术术中出血",
"抑制肿瘤生长"
],
"correct_answer": "改善器官功能",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "单次栓塞即可达到治疗目的的疾病是",
"options": [
"原发性肝癌",
"布-加综合征",
"肾动脉狭窄",
"脾脏功能亢进",
"巨大肝血管瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "脾脏功能亢进",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "实质肿瘤良好栓塞的表现不包括",
"options": [
"肿瘤异常染色消失",
"栓塞剂沉积良好",
"病灶体积缩小",
"正常组织染色及静脉回流良好",
"病灶周边血流部分恢复"
],
"correct_answer": "病灶周边血流部分恢复",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "末梢血管及小动脉栓塞的优点不包括",
"options": [
"治疗精度高",
"栓塞范围小",
"操作难度小",
"栓塞物用量少",
"并发症发生率低"
],
"correct_answer": "操作难度小",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于实质器官出血的栓塞治疗，下列说法正确的是",
"options": [
"肾脏穿刺出血应首选栓塞肾动脉主干",
"肝癌破裂出血时DSA检查出血征象明显",
"肝癌破裂出血栓塞治疗应首选微粒型栓塞剂",
"有明确出血征象时应尽量行分支血管或末梢血管栓塞治疗",
"术后出血应首选使用弹簧圈栓塞动脉主干"
],
"correct_answer": "有明确出血征象时应尽量行分支血管或末梢血管栓塞治疗",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于空腔器官出血的栓塞治疗，下列说法正确的是",
"options": [
"可考虑栓塞动脉主干",
"无明显出血征象也可考虑栓塞治疗",
"栓塞物应首选微粒型栓塞剂",
"需联合应用明胶海绵与微弹簧圈",
"应进行超选择插管，尽量减少栓塞范围"
],
"correct_answer": "应进行超选择插管，尽量减少栓塞范围",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列不属于空腔脏器出血栓塞后正常表现的是",
"options": [
"未见明显出血征象",
"透视可见微弹簧圈",
"患者出现腹痛",
"患者心率降低",
"DSA检查出血血管未显影"
],
"correct_answer": "患者出现腹痛",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "动脉瘤的常用栓塞物是",
"options": [
"碘油",
"弹簧圈",
"明胶海绵",
"生物胶",
"自体血块"
],
"correct_answer": "弹簧圈",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "误栓塞的原因不包括",
"options": [
"推注力量过大",
"存在异常通路",
"超选择插管选择动脉错误",
"弹簧圈过小",
"栓塞剂过少"
],
"correct_answer": "栓塞剂过少",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "栓塞的常见并发症不包括",
"options": [
"过度栓塞",
"误栓塞",
"股神经损伤",
"腹痛",
"发热"
],
"correct_answer": "股神经损伤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "非血管介入方法包括",
"options": [
"动脉栓塞术",
"内科性脾切除",
"经脾动脉间接门静脉造影",
"肝囊肿穿刺灭活术",
"颈动脉成形术"
],
"correct_answer": "肝囊肿穿刺灭活术",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "经皮穿刺的引导设备是",
"options": [
"CT",
"DSA",
"MR",
"ECG",
"PET"
],
"correct_answer": "CT",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "管腔成形术需要的介入设备不包括",
"options": [
"穿刺针",
"球囊",
"导管鞘",
"支架",
"导丝"
],
"correct_answer": "导管鞘",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "对于胆结石性黄疸的患者，不宜先施行的是",
"options": [
"手术取石",
"内科降黄治疗",
"ERCP",
"胆道穿刺引流",
"内科排石治疗"
],
"correct_answer": "胆道穿刺引流",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "脑动脉溶栓的最佳治疗时机为",
"options": [
"发病6小时以内",
"发病6小时以上",
"发病9小时以内",
"发病9小时以上",
"发病12小时以内"
],
"correct_answer": "发病6小时以内",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "经导管周围动脉内溶栓术，国内最常使用的溶栓药物为",
"options": [
"尿激酶",
"链激酶",
"组织型纤溶酶原激活剂",
"冬菱精纯抗栓酶",
"蝮蛇抗栓酶"
],
"correct_answer": "尿激酶",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "经导管动脉内溶栓治疗过程中最应严密监测",
"options": [
"血常规",
"心、肺功能",
"肝、肾功能",
"出血、凝血功能",
"血糖"
],
"correct_answer": "出血、凝血功能",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "介入治疗中，血管内给予尿激酶的意义是",
"options": [
"扩血管",
"抗肿瘤",
"缩血管、止血",
"溶栓",
"降低血液黏度"
],
"correct_answer": "溶栓",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列化疗药物中，不属于细胞周期非特异性药物的是",
"options": [
"阿霉素",
"丝裂霉素",
"顺铂",
"5-FU",
"卡铂"
],
"correct_answer": "5-FU",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列关于阿霉素特性描述不正确的是",
"options": [
"抗瘤谱广",
"抗癌活性高",
"可与碘油制成乳化剂，特别适于化疗性栓塞",
"可与环磷酰胺合用",
"无心脏毒性"
],
"correct_answer": "无心脏毒性",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "经支气管动脉化疗药物灌注治疗肺癌，在动脉灌注后行动脉栓塞术时导管必须避开",
"options": [
"脊髓动脉",
"肋间动脉",
"肺动脉",
"胸廓内动脉",
"以上都不对"
],
"correct_answer": "脊髓动脉",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "胰腺癌最常见好发部位是",
"options": [
"胰头",
"胰体",
"胰尾",
"胰颈",
"以上都不对"
],
"correct_answer": "胰头",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "胰腺癌灌注化疗时，下列动脉中一般不需要进行治疗的是",
"options": [
"肝总动脉",
"胃十二指肠动脉",
"脾动脉",
"肠系膜上动脉",
"肠系膜下动脉"
],
"correct_answer": "肠系膜下动脉",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "经胰腺动脉灌注治疗胰腺癌的严重并发症为",
"options": [
"肝性脑病",
"恶心呕吐",
"发热",
"急性胰腺炎",
"腹水"
],
"correct_answer": "急性胰腺炎",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "不属于溶栓禁忌的是",
"options": [
"无法恢复的缺血状态",
"2周内有活动性内出血",
"严重外伤",
"凝血功能障碍",
"急性缺血发作"
],
"correct_answer": "急性缺血发作",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "属于动脉溶栓严重并发症的是",
"options": [
"穿刺点出血",
"颅内出血",
"动脉破裂",
"血栓溶解",
"恶心呕吐"
],
"correct_answer": "颅内出血",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "溶栓治疗后应给予口服药物",
"options": [
"双嘧达莫和阿司匹林",
"呋塞米",
"美托洛尔",
"抗生素",
"艾司唑仑"
],
"correct_answer": "双嘧达莫和阿司匹林",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "经导管溶栓治疗影响因素不包括",
"options": [
"给药方法",
"给药剂量",
"穿刺部位",
"血栓存在时间",
"血栓成分"
],
"correct_answer": "给药方法",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "TIPSS适应证不包括",
"options": [
"肝硬化门静脉高压，近期发生过食管胃底静脉曲张破裂大出血者",
"患者经内科治疗效果欠佳，CHILD分级又难以接受外科治疗者",
"外科治疗后再出血者",
"有难治性腹水者",
"严重的门脉狭窄、阻塞性病变"
],
"correct_answer": "严重的门脉狭窄、阻塞性病变",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "TIPPS术前药物准备不包括",
"options": [
"使用抗生素预防感染",
"泻药清洁肠道",
"局麻药物",
"低分子肝素钠",
"镇静、止痛药"
],
"correct_answer": "泻药清洁肠道",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "TIPPS并发症包括",
"options": [
"支架狭窄、闭塞或移位",
"腹腔内出血",
"肝性脑病",
"胆系感染",
"以上全是"
],
"correct_answer": "以上全是",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列不是下腔静脉滤器植入适应证的是",
"options": [
"复发性肺栓塞",
"胡桃夹综合征",
"盆部静脉内有自由漂浮的血栓",
"某些手术有可能导致肺栓塞，术前预防放置",
"禁忌抗凝治疗或抗凝治疗有严重并发症的肺栓塞"
],
"correct_answer": "胡桃夹综合征",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "深静脉血栓患者放置滤器预防肺栓塞，滤器一般应置于",
"options": [
"上腔静脉内",
"肾静脉开口水平以上的下腔静脉内",
"肾静脉开口水平以下的下腔静脉内",
"髂总静脉内",
"肾静脉内"
],
"correct_answer": "肾静脉开口水平以下的下腔静脉内",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "良好的下腔静脉滤器应具备",
"options": [
"综合投影面积大",
"生物相容性好",
"促凝血",
"铁磁性",
"弹性好"
],
"correct_answer": "生物相容性好",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "布-加综合征行支架治疗的禁忌证为",
"options": [
"肝段下腔静脉膜性闭塞",
"肝静脉入下腔静脉处膜性狭窄",
"球囊扩张治疗无效",
"下腔静脉癌性狭窄",
"下腔静脉长段完全性闭塞"
],
"correct_answer": "下腔静脉长段完全性闭塞",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "腔静脉支架治疗布-加综合征，支架近端应位于",
"options": [
"右心房开口下方",
"肾静脉下方",
"肝静脉入口",
"第一肝门",
"以上都不对"
],
"correct_answer": "右心房开口下方",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "胃冠状静脉栓塞术",
"options": [
"肝外伤破裂出血",
"保守治疗无效的顽固性鼻出血",
"前胸壁出血",
"肺癌伴咯血",
"胃底食管静脉曲张出血"
],
"correct_answer": "胃底食管静脉曲张出血",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "伦琴发现X线是在",
"options": [
"1895年",
"1795年",
"1695年",
"1885年",
"1875年"
],
"correct_answer": "1895年",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于数字减影血管造影的叙述，错误的是",
"options": [
"需要水溶性碘对比剂",
"属X线检查法",
"通过光学减影技术消除骨骼和软组织影，使血管显影清晰",
"1977年获得第一张DSA图像",
"该技术应用已较普遍"
],
"correct_answer": "通过光学减影技术消除骨骼和软组织影，使血管显影清晰",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于胸主动脉瘤的描述，错误的是",
"options": [
"可分为真性和假性动脉瘤",
"真性动脉瘤可分为囊状、梭形和混合型",
"假性动脉瘤的瘤壁由动脉壁的3层组织构成",
"基本X线征象是纵隔阴影增宽或形成局限性块影",
"肿块或纵隔增宽影可见扩张性搏动"
],
"correct_answer": "假性动脉瘤的瘤壁由动脉壁的3层组织构成",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "正常肾动脉造影连续摄片，依次显示的是",
"options": [
"肾动脉期、肾静脉期、肾实质期",
"肾动脉期、肾实质期、肾静脉期",
"肾静脉期、肾实质期、肾动脉期",
"肾静脉期、肾动脉期、肾实质期",
"肾实质期、肾动脉期、肾静脉期"
],
"correct_answer": "肾动脉期、肾实质期、肾静脉期",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "经皮穿刺送入导管最常使用的动脉是",
"options": [
"颈动脉",
"颈动脉",
"肱动脉",
"股动脉",
"腘动脉"
],
"correct_answer": "股动脉",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "肾血管性病变是指",
"options": [
"肾动脉狭窄",
"肾动脉栓塞",
"肾静脉栓塞",
"肾动脉瘤",
"以上都是"
],
"correct_answer": "以上都是",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "首先提出血管内支架设想，并在透视下将自制支架植入犬的周围血管内取得成功，是",
"options": [
"Dotter",
"Gragg",
"Higashita",
"Guntzing",
"Seldinger"
],
"correct_answer": "Dotter",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "子宫输卵管造影应选择什么体位",
"options": [
"仰卧位",
"俯卧位",
"坐位",
"膀胱截石位",
"半卧位"
],
"correct_answer": "膀胱截石位",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "不属于IVP禁忌证的是",
"options": [
"肾结石",
"严重的心力衰竭",
"甲状腺功能亢进",
"妊娠期",
"白血病"
],
"correct_answer": "肾结石",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列不属于冠状动脉造影适应证的是",
"options": [
"冠状动脉搭桥术后复查",
"临床怀疑冠心病但症状不典型者",
"反复发作的严重心绞痛",
"冠状动脉先天性畸形",
"急性细菌性心内膜炎"
],
"correct_answer": "急性细菌性心内膜炎",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "口服法胆囊造影常用的对比剂是",
"options": [
"硫酸钡",
"碘海醇",
"Gd-DTPA",
"碘番酸",
"碘化油"
],
"correct_answer": "碘番酸",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "输出功率与输入功率的比称为",
"options": [
"功率",
"强度",
"增益",
"电压"
],
"correct_answer": "增益",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "诊断十二指肠溃疡的可靠X线征象是",
"options": [
"十二指肠球部变形",
"十二指肠球部激惹",
"十二指肠球部压痛",
"十二指肠球部浓钡影",
"十二指肠球部狭窄梗阻"
],
"correct_answer": "十二指肠球部浓钡影",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "患儿急起发热、咳嗽、气促，胸片示双下肺斑片影沿支气管播散，应考虑",
"options": [
"大叶性肺炎",
"支气管肺炎",
"支原体肺炎",
"过敏性肺炎",
"干酪性肺炎"
],
"correct_answer": "支气管肺炎",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "解决常规X线摄片的数字化问题的核心部分是",
"options": [
"三维信号的数字采集",
"二维信号的数字采集",
"三维信号的图像采集",
"二维信号的图像采集",
"三维信号的图像处理"
],
"correct_answer": "二维信号的数字采集",
"explanation": "常规的X线摄影是X线对三维空间的被照体进行照射，获得载有被照体信息成分的强度不均匀的X线，再通过介质转换成二维的光强度分布。最终是否数字化图像决定介质是否形成数字化。"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列哪项不是放射治疗的并发症",
"options": [
"皮肤炎",
"膀胱炎",
"直肠炎",
"血小板增加",
"肺炎"
],
"correct_answer": "血小板增加",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "临床拟诊为肝管结石，下列哪种成像技术为首选",
"options": [
"CT",
"MRI",
"CTA",
"DSA",
"MRA"
],
"correct_answer": "CT",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "垂体瘤不会引起的症状是",
"options": [
"泌乳闭经综合征",
"Cushing综合征",
"肢体偏瘫",
"肢端肥大症和巨人症",
"视力障碍"
],
"correct_answer": "肢体偏瘫",
"explanation": "垂体瘤内分泌亢进症状：泌乳素腺瘤出现闭经、泌乳；生长激素腺瘤出现肢端肥大；促肾上腺皮质激素腺瘤出现库欣病，不会引起肢体偏瘫。压迫视交叉引起视力障碍。"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "枕骨骨折的最佳摄片位置是",
"options": [
"颅骨前后位",
"颅骨后前位",
"水平侧位",
"汤氏位",
"颅底位"
],
"correct_answer": "汤氏位",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关节结核的关节面破坏首先发生在",
"options": [
"骨骶",
"干骺端",
"骨骺板",
"关节非持重部分，滑膜附着处",
"关节承重部位，穿过关节呈对称性"
],
"correct_answer": "关节非持重部分，滑膜附着处",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "胃双重对比造影的目的在于",
"options": [
"观察胃轮廓",
"观察胃蠕动",
"观察幽门开放情况",
"观察胃底充盈情况",
"显示胃小区等微细结构"
],
"correct_answer": "显示胃小区等微细结构",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "目前公众个人全身受照射的年剂量应低于",
"options": [
"0.5mSv",
"lmSv",
"2mSv",
"5mSv",
"lOmSv"
],
"correct_answer": "5mSv",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "肺癌空洞常见于",
"options": [
"鳞癌",
"腺癌",
"大细胞未分化癌",
"小细胞未分化癌",
"细支气管-肺泡癌"
],
"correct_answer": "鳞癌",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "肺不张患者行CT检查的价值在于",
"options": [
"证实X线胸片的病变与诊断",
"发现轻微或隐匿性不张",
"明确X线胸片上不典型的表现及特殊类型的肺不张",
"明确肺不张的病因",
"以上都正确"
],
"correct_answer": "以上都正确",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "左房增大最早出现的X线征象是",
"options": [
"左心缘第三弓突出",
"右心缘双边阴影",
"右心缘双房影",
"食道吞钡左房压迹增加",
"左主支气管变窄、抬高"
],
"correct_answer": "食道吞钡左房压迹增加",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "脑脊液鼻漏，常见于",
"options": [
"筛骨骨折",
"蝶骨骨折",
"额骨骨折",
"颞骨骨折",
"鼻骨骨折"
],
"correct_answer": "筛骨骨折",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "脑膜瘤血管造影上的特征表现是",
"options": [
"肿瘤染色",
"静脉早显",
"颈外动脉供血",
"肿瘤血管栏栅状排列",
"血管弧形包绕移位"
],
"correct_answer": "颈外动脉供血",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "影响X线照片对比度的最主要因素是",
"options": [
"毫安值",
"千伏值",
"焦-片距",
"物-片距",
"曝光时间"
],
"correct_answer": "千伏值",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "焦-片距增大一倍，X线胶片感光量相应",
"options": [
"增加1/2倍",
"增加1/4倍",
"增加1/8倍",
"减少至1/2",
"减少至1/4"
],
"correct_answer": "减少至1/4",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "以下不属于肺脓肿表现的是",
"options": [
"病灶呈浓密团状阴影，可占据一个或多个肺段",
"可见厚壁空洞，内壁光整",
"空洞内可见液平",
"空洞周围可见条索状纤维灶",
"空洞壁不规则，可见壁结节"
],
"correct_answer": "空洞壁不规则，可见壁结节",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "干酪性肺炎属于",
"options": [
"原发性肺结核",
"血行播散性肺结核",
"浸润性肺结核",
"慢性纤维空洞性肺结核",
"结核性胸膜炎"
],
"correct_answer": "浸润性肺结核",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "结核瘤属于",
"options": [
"原发性肺结核",
"血行播散性肺结核",
"继发性肺结核",
"结核性胸膜炎",
"以上都不是"
],
"correct_answer": "继发性肺结核",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "粟粒型肺结核是指",
"options": [
"原发性肺结核",
"浸润性肺结核",
"慢性纤维空洞型肺结核",
"结核性胸膜炎",
"血行播散型肺结核"
],
"correct_answer": "血行播散型肺结核",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "结核球与的影像学表现不正确的是",
"options": [
"结核球多为圆形，边缘整齐",
"结核球可见细毛刺，多伴有胸膜凹陷",
"结核球内部常有环形、弧形或斑状钙化",
"结核球周围可见卫星灶",
"多发生于上叶及下叶背段"
],
"correct_answer": "结核球可见细毛刺，多伴有胸膜凹陷",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "肺内球形病灶称为肿块的直径应大于",
"options": [
"lcm",
"2cm",
"3cm",
"4cm",
"5cm"
],
"correct_answer": "3cm",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "肺内出现钙化可见于哪种疾病",
"options": [
"错构瘤",
"畸胎瘤",
"寄生虫病",
"转移性骨肉瘤",
"以上全是"
],
"correct_answer": "以上全是",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "中央型肺癌影像征象不包括",
"options": [
"胸膜凹陷征",
"阻塞性肺炎",
"局限性肺气肿",
"局限性肺不张",
"反S征"
],
"correct_answer": "胸膜凹陷征",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "周围型肺癌影像，下列不对的是",
"options": [
"病变早期良恶性质难以鉴别",
"肺门周围肿块，远端阻塞性炎症",
"可出现空泡征和分叶",
"细短毛刺",
"胸膜凹陷"
],
"correct_answer": "肺门周围肿块，远端阻塞性炎症",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "霍纳综合征最常见于",
"options": [
"肺泡细胞癌",
"肺上沟癌",
"中央型肺癌",
"瘢痕癌",
"结核瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "肺上沟癌",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "肺癌性淋巴管炎之微结节常位于",
"options": [
"肺门周围",
"胸膜下",
"支气管血管束周围",
"肺尖部",
"纵隔旁"
],
"correct_answer": "支气管血管束周围",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "肺栓塞最常用的无创性诊断方法为",
"options": [
"肺动脉造影",
"肺静脉造影",
"CT增强肺血管成像",
"MRI",
"X线"
],
"correct_answer": "CT增强肺血管成像",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "可表现为弥漫性肺结节的疾病不包括",
"options": [
"结节病",
"肺尘埃沉着病",
"肺转移瘤",
"肺泡蛋白沉着症",
"支气管肺炎"
],
"correct_answer": "支气管肺炎",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "肺尘埃沉着病的诊断分期依据是",
"options": [
"CT",
"X线",
"MRI",
"USG",
"肺活检"
],
"correct_answer": "X线",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "硅沉着病的影像学表现不包括",
"options": [
"早期可表现为肺纹理明显",
"两中下肺野多发轮廓清楚，致密小结节，后期可融合",
"肺门增大，密度增高，可出现蛋壳样钙化",
"多合并胸腔积液",
"多合并肺气肿和胸膜肥厚"
],
"correct_answer": "多合并胸腔积液",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "硅沉着病影像诊断的主要依据为",
"options": [
"肺纹理增强",
"肺门增大，可有钙化",
"合并肺气肿",
"硅结节",
"胸膜下结节"
],
"correct_answer": "硅结节",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "胸腺瘤的表述中，错误的是",
"options": [
"多发生于小儿",
"多发生于前纵隔",
"部分可合并重症肌无力",
"MRI表现一般为T1WI低信号，T2WI高信号",
"部分胸腺瘤可有囊变"
],
"correct_answer": "多发生于小儿",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于肺挫伤，以下错误的是",
"options": [
"肺挫伤的病理为肺间质和肺实质内液体渗出",
"X线表现为不规则的片状实变影",
"病变多在受伤后6小时左右开始出现，24-48小时开始吸收",
"损伤的肺组织按肺段、肺叶分布",
"如伤后48小时不吸收反而发展，提示继发感染可能"
],
"correct_answer": "损伤的肺组织按肺段、肺叶分布",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "左前斜位，心脏前缘自上而下依次为",
"options": [
"左心房、左心室",
"左心房、右心房",
"右心房、右心室",
"左心房、右心室",
"左心室、右心室"
],
"correct_answer": "右心房、右心室",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "以下哪个投照位置，最适宜观察早期左房增大",
"options": [
"右前斜位吞钡",
"左前斜位",
"后前位",
"左侧位",
"右侧位"
],
"correct_answer": "右前斜位吞钡",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "左室增大的X线征象，下列不正确的是",
"options": [
"靴型心，左室延长",
"胸骨后间隙变窄",
"室间沟前下移，心膈面延长",
"相反搏动点上移",
"心尖左下移"
],
"correct_answer": "胸骨后间隙变窄",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列病因中，不会引起右心室增大的是",
"options": [
"风湿性心脏病，二尖瓣狭窄",
"主动脉瓣关闭不全",
"动脉导管未闭",
"肺源性心脏病",
"室间隔"
],
"correct_answer": "主动脉瓣关闭不全",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "正常成人心胸比率一般不超过",
"options": [
"0.6",
"0.5",
"0.55000000000000004",
"0.6",
"0.4"
],
"correct_answer": "0.5",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于心腰，以下说法不正确的是",
"options": [
"心腰主要为肺动脉段组成",
"正常成年人心腰应稍内凹",
"肺动脉高压时，心腰可突出",
"小儿及青年人心腰可稍凸",
"心腰即指心脏左缘第三弓"
],
"correct_answer": "心腰即指心脏左缘第三弓",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "心脏瓣膜病的首选检查方法为",
"options": [
"CT",
"USG",
"MRI",
"X线",
"冠状动脉造影"
],
"correct_answer": "USG",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "肺淤血的最早X线表现为",
"options": [
"上肺静脉扩张",
"肺血管纹理增多增粗",
"肺门影增大模糊",
"肺野透明度减低",
"肺部间质纤维化"
],
"correct_answer": "上肺静脉扩张",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "哪种征象提示为肺泡性肺水肿",
"options": [
"KerleyA线或B线",
"叶间胸膜肥厚",
"蝶翼征",
"上肺静脉扩张，较下肺静脉粗",
"胸腔积液"
],
"correct_answer": "蝶翼征",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "肺门舞蹈征象最常见的先天性心脏病是",
"options": [
"室间隔缺损",
"房间隔缺损",
"动脉导管未闭",
"法洛四联症",
"肺动脉狭窄"
],
"correct_answer": "房间隔缺损",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "房间隔缺损患者，胸片检查见不到",
"options": [
"肺动脉段突出",
"肺门舞蹈",
"左心室增大",
"主动脉结缩小",
"右心增大"
],
"correct_answer": "左心室增大",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "室间隔缺损的X线征象是",
"options": [
"右心室增大",
"左心房增大",
"右心房增大",
"漏斗征",
"主动脉结增大"
],
"correct_answer": "右心室增大",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "漏斗征可见于",
"options": [
"室间隔缺损",
"房间隔缺损",
"法洛四联症",
"动脉导管未闭",
"高血压性心脏病"
],
"correct_answer": "动脉导管未闭",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "法洛四联症的改变应除外",
"options": [
"肺动脉狭窄",
"主动脉骑跨",
"房间隔缺损",
"室间隔缺损",
"右心室肥厚"
],
"correct_answer": "房间隔缺损",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "风湿性心脏病左房室瓣狭窄时心脏呈",
"options": [
"靴形",
"主动脉型",
"梨形",
"水滴形",
"烧瓶形"
],
"correct_answer": "梨形",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "典型风湿性心脏病二尖瓣狭窄的表现为",
"options": [
"左心房左心室增大，肺部淤血",
"左心房右心室增大，肺部充血",
"左心房右心室增大，肺血正常",
"左心房右心室增大，肺部淤血",
"左心房右心室增大，肺部正常"
],
"correct_answer": "左心房右心室增大，肺部淤血",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "诊断肺动脉高压，右下肺动脉大于",
"options": [
"11mm",
"12mm",
"13mm",
"14mm",
"15mm"
],
"correct_answer": "15mm",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "肺源性心脏病最常见的原因是",
"options": [
"机化性肺炎",
"支气管扩张",
"肺结核",
"慢性阻塞性肺疾病",
"原发性肺动脉高压"
],
"correct_answer": "慢性阻塞性肺疾病",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "冠状动脉粥样硬化主要侵犯以下哪几个分支",
"options": [
"左心室支、右冠状动脉",
"右旋支、前降支",
"左旋支、后降支",
"左旋支、前降支",
"右冠状动脉、后降支"
],
"correct_answer": "左旋支、前降支",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "诊断心包积液，最经济最敏感的方法是",
"options": [
"CT",
"MRI",
"USG",
"X线",
"心包穿刺"
],
"correct_answer": "USG",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "主动脉夹层行CT检查表现是",
"options": [
"主动脉增粗、形态异常",
"主动脉壁钙斑内移",
"主动脉壁内梭形或半圆形高密度区",
"心包和胸腔积液",
"增强扫描主动脉呈双腔表现"
],
"correct_answer": "增强扫描主动脉呈双腔表现",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "扩张性心肌病的表现主要为",
"options": [
"右心房增大",
"左心房增大",
"双心房增大",
"室间隔增厚",
"双心室增大"
],
"correct_answer": "双心室增大",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "乳腺最常见的良性肿瘤为",
"options": [
"纤维腺瘤",
"乳腺纤维囊性病",
"血管瘤",
"脂肪瘤",
"乳腺导管内乳头状瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "纤维腺瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "有关乳腺良性肿块的X线征象，以下不对的是",
"options": [
"肿块多呈圆形或类圆形",
"肿块边缘光滑清晰",
"肿块有时可见晕圈征",
"肿块密度较均匀",
"肿块界限不清，实际触诊比X线所见大"
],
"correct_answer": "肿块界限不清，实际触诊比X线所见大",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "不是乳腺癌征象",
"options": [
"乳头内陷",
"患侧腋窝淋巴结肿大",
"肿块边缘光滑、见透明晕",
"簇状的微小钙化",
"肿块呈毛刺状，周围血管影增粗"
],
"correct_answer": "肿块边缘光滑、见透明晕",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "“上消化道”指的是",
"options": [
"食管全程",
"食管+胃",
"食管+胃+十二指肠",
"食管+胃+十二指肠+空肠",
"食管+胃+十二指肠+空肠+回肠"
],
"correct_answer": "食管+胃+十二指肠",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于食管平滑肌瘤，下列错误的是",
"options": [
"边缘光整，锐利的充盈缺损",
"局部黏膜无破坏，黏膜展平",
"壁软而光滑",
"钡剂呈偏流或分流",
"多数肿块上可见龛影"
],
"correct_answer": "多数肿块上可见龛影",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于早期反流性食管炎的钡餐表现，以下不正确的是",
"options": [
"可为阴性",
"仅可见食管下段数厘米或十几厘米的轻微痉挛性改变",
"网织交错的线样龛影",
"管壁光滑规则",
"偶见锯齿状第三收缩波"
],
"correct_answer": "网织交错的线样龛影",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列哪项是贲门失弛缓症的典型X线表现",
"options": [
"食管下端自上而下逐渐狭窄呈漏斗状或鸟嘴状",
"食管下段黏膜增粗或稍迂曲",
"食管中下段多个环形收缩",
"可见小溃疡",
"可见串珠样或蚯蚓样充盈缺损"
],
"correct_answer": "食管下端自上而下逐渐狭窄呈漏斗状或鸟嘴状",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "食管裂孔疝的直接X线征象",
"options": [
"消化性食管炎",
"食管胃角变钝",
"膈上疝囊",
"食管下段迂曲增宽",
"食管反流"
],
"correct_answer": "膈上疝囊",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "胃溃疡的好发部位为",
"options": [
"胃底",
"胃小弯",
"胃大弯",
"胃体",
"胃窦"
],
"correct_answer": "胃小弯",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "早期胃癌指肿瘤仅限于",
"options": [
"黏膜层",
"黏膜或黏膜下层",
"肌层",
"浆膜层",
"黏膜下层"
],
"correct_answer": "黏膜或黏膜下层",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "十二指肠溃疡的直接X线征象为",
"options": [
"龛影",
"球部变形",
"球部激惹征象",
"透明带",
"黏膜纠集"
],
"correct_answer": "龛影",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于“小肠Crohn病”影像，不对的是",
"options": [
"环肠壁对称性侵犯",
"小肠多发狭窄",
"口疮样溃疬",
"肠壁增厚",
"纵行溃疡"
],
"correct_answer": "环肠壁对称性侵犯",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "CT平扫，肝脏密度一致性减低，肝/脾CT值之比为0.7，应首先考虑为",
"options": [
"弥漫性肝癌",
"肝脓肿",
"血色病",
"脂肪肝",
"肝淋巴瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "脂肪肝",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "不同成分的胆系结石按CT值由低到高为",
"options": [
"胆固醇、胆色素、钙盐",
"胆色素、钙盐、胆固醇",
"胆色素、胆固醇、钙盐",
"胆固醇、钙盐、胆色素",
"无一定规律"
],
"correct_answer": "胆固醇、胆色素、钙盐",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "肝脓肿与肝癌都表现为环形强化时的鉴别点是",
"options": [
"肝癌动脉期强化明显，肝脓肿实质期强化明显",
"肝脓肿的壁较薄",
"肝癌的壁较厚",
"肝脓肿的壁为高度强化",
"肝癌的壁为中度强化"
],
"correct_answer": "肝癌动脉期强化明显，肝脓肿实质期强化明显",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "ERCP胆管造影时，恶性病变少见的征象为",
"options": [
"光整的杯口状中断",
"不规则充盈缺损",
"突然截断",
"管壁僵直",
"粗萝卜根样狭窄"
],
"correct_answer": "光整的杯口状中断",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "MRCP上Caroli病的典型征象是",
"options": [
"圆形或梭形胆管扩张",
"扩张的囊腔与胆道相通",
"伴胆囊增大",
"伴胆总管扩张",
"呈均质高信号"
],
"correct_answer": "扩张的囊腔与胆道相通",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "肝海绵状血管瘤与肝癌在MRI上的鉴别点是",
"options": [
"T1WI呈稍低信号",
"“灯泡征”",
"信号均匀",
"明显强化",
"T2WI呈高信号"
],
"correct_answer": "“灯泡征”",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "急性胰腺炎的病理分型不包括",
"options": [
"急性间质性胰腺炎",
"坏死性胰腺炎",
"出血性胰腺炎",
"化脓性胰腺炎",
"假囊肿型胰腺炎"
],
"correct_answer": "假囊肿型胰腺炎",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "肝脏局灶性增生影像表现，下述说法不正确的是",
"options": [
"病变密度均匀，呈等密度或低密度",
"病变较大时，其中心可见放射状分布的纤维瘢痕",
"增强早期呈均匀一致的明显强化，中心部位可以不强化",
"静脉期或延期扫描，病变密度降低，最后呈相对低密度和肝脏密度相一致",
"MR表现和CT扫描相似，T1WI呈等信号或低信号，T2WI呈稍高信号，增强明显强化"
],
"correct_answer": "静脉期或延期扫描，病变密度降低，最后呈相对低密度和肝脏密度相一致",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列关于肝腺瘤的叙述，错误的是",
"options": [
"女性多见，与服用避孕药物有关",
"瘤内没有胆管结构和肿瘤细胞，主要由排列紊乱的正常肝细胞组成",
"CT平扫可以呈等密度或高密度、圆形或类圆形病变",
"增强扫描早期多呈明显均匀强化，随后密度下降变为等密度或低密度",
"影像学表现与分化较好的肝细胞癌难以区分，增强都呈快进快出的特点"
],
"correct_answer": "CT平扫可以呈等密度或高密度、圆形或类圆形病变",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列关于肝脓肿的MR表现，错误的是",
"options": [
"T1WI呈低信号",
"T2WI呈高信号",
"脓肿腔内都有气体影",
"增强扫描脓肿壁可以呈环状强化",
"脓肿壁的信号稍高于脓腔，但低于正常肝组织"
],
"correct_answer": "脓肿腔内都有气体影",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列关于肝转移癌的描述中，错误的是",
"options": [
"常见于消化道肿瘤的转移",
"通常是多发",
"典型的CT征象是牛眼征或靶征",
"增强扫描病变呈多样性表现",
"常常有肝硬化的病变基础"
],
"correct_answer": "常常有肝硬化的病变基础",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列关于急性胰腺炎的CT检查的描述，错误的是",
"options": [
"胰腺多为弥漫性肿大",
"胰腺密度减低",
"胰腺边缘变模糊",
"胰腺坏死为低密度，出血为高密度",
"增强扫描见胰腺假性囊肿形成"
],
"correct_answer": "增强扫描见胰腺假性囊肿形成",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于慢性胰腺炎CT表现的描述，错误的是",
"options": [
"胰管可呈串珠状扩张，偶可中断不连续",
"胰腺明显肿大",
"胰腺内可见到钙化斑",
"肾周筋膜增厚",
"可有胰腺假性囊肿形成"
],
"correct_answer": "胰腺明显肿大",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于胆管结石的影像表现，错误的是",
"options": [
"位于胆管走行区",
"—般不合并胆管壁增厚",
"可呈圆形、斑点状",
"结石水平以上胆管扩张",
"单发或多发"
],
"correct_answer": "—般不合并胆管壁增厚",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "肝海绵状血管瘤与肝癌的共同点不包括",
"options": [
"平扫多为低密度",
"动脉期高强化",
"中心可有不强化区",
"增强扫描某一期可与正常肝实质等密度",
"增强扫描静脉期密度降低快"
],
"correct_answer": "增强扫描静脉期密度降低快",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于原发性肝癌，错误的是",
"options": [
"多无肝炎史",
"AFP多明显升高",
"多在肝硬化的基础上发生",
"可有肝区疼痛",
"可有腹胀"
],
"correct_answer": "多无肝炎史",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "提示肝癌门静脉癌栓的表现不包括",
"options": [
"门脉主干与分支管径不成比例",
"门静脉分支大于主干",
"门静脉增宽且密度不均",
"门静脉主干变细",
"门静脉腔内充盈缺损"
],
"correct_answer": "门静脉主干变细",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于肝包虫囊肿病，错误的是",
"options": [
"由细粒状棘球蚴病所致",
"是棘球绦虫的幼虫所致的一种寄生虫病",
"是肝棘球蚴病两种类型中最常见的一种",
"一般有牧区生活史",
"—般有进食“米猪肉”史"
],
"correct_answer": "—般有进食“米猪肉”史",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "患者因急腹症就诊，在进行X线平片或CT检查确诊前不宜进行的是",
"options": [
"胃肠减压",
"放置肛管或灌肠",
"腹部深触诊",
"给予吗啡类镇痛药",
"以上均是"
],
"correct_answer": "以上均是",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "钡剂或空气灌肠能用于治疗和诊断",
"options": [
"肠套叠",
"结肠癌所致的肠梗阻",
"先天性肠旋转不良",
"肠扭转",
"肠蠕动减弱"
],
"correct_answer": "肠套叠",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列哪种急腹症可先不行CT检查",
"options": [
"肠梗阻",
"消化道穿孔",
"急性胰腺炎",
"胆道蛔虫症",
"急性消化道大出血"
],
"correct_answer": "急性消化道大出血",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "腹部空腔脏器穿孔立位透视时，腹腔内游离气体位于",
"options": [
"肠管周围",
"膈与肝或胃之间",
"中腹部",
"盆腔内",
"侧腹壁"
],
"correct_answer": "膈与肝或胃之间",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "十二指肠降部梗阻立位典型征象是",
"options": [
"肠黏膜皱襞增粗、紊乱",
"肠壁增厚",
"肠腔积液",
"笔杆征",
"双泡征"
],
"correct_answer": "双泡征",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "胃肠道穿孔最常见于",
"options": [
"外伤破裂",
"肠伤寒",
"肿瘤坏死",
"胃、十二指肠球部溃疡",
"坏死性小肠炎"
],
"correct_answer": "胃、十二指肠球部溃疡",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "X线平片发现腹部异常高密度影，一般不可能是",
"options": [
"消化道内金属异物",
"泌尿系结石",
"阑尾粪石",
"卵巢畸胎瘤",
"腹腔血管内血栓"
],
"correct_answer": "腹腔血管内血栓",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "急腹症中，CT显示多层肠壁，超声见同心圆征靶环征，可诊断为",
"options": [
"肠扭转",
"肠套叠",
"粘连性肠梗阻",
"绞窄性肠梗阻",
"肠重复畸形"
],
"correct_answer": "肠套叠",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "肾结核平片征象",
"options": [
"肾影“倒八字”形",
"病侧“肾下垂”",
"肾影不清",
"肾区可见不规则钙化灶",
"肾外形不光"
],
"correct_answer": "肾区可见不规则钙化灶",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "膀胱结核肾盂造影表现为",
"options": [
"膀胱挛缩、变小、变形、轮廓不清",
"膀胱内壁凹凸不平，见充盈缺损",
"膀胱扩大",
"膀胱密度不均",
"无改变"
],
"correct_answer": "膀胱挛缩、变小、变形、轮廓不清",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "肾结核的肾实质影像学表现中，不正确的是",
"options": [
"肾盏扩张，扭曲变形，可呈囊状",
"肾实质钙化率30%",
"乳头状坏死",
"结核瘤",
"肾实质瘢痕形成"
],
"correct_answer": "肾实质钙化率30%",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "不属于卵巢囊肿CT特点的是",
"options": [
"囊肿边缘光滑",
"囊肿与周围组织结构分界清楚",
"常为多房性，有分隔",
"囊壁厚薄均匀一致",
"囊内容物呈均匀低密度"
],
"correct_answer": "常为多房性，有分隔",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "肾自截的X线征象为",
"options": [
"肾功能丧失，尿路造影不显影，肾实质钙化",
"肾小盏扩大，显影变淡",
"肾盏呈虫蚀样破坏",
"肾脏轮廓增大",
"以上均可"
],
"correct_answer": "肾功能丧失，尿路造影不显影，肾实质钙化",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "膀胱良恶性肿瘤鉴别最有价值的影像学表现是",
"options": [
"膀胱壁僵硬",
"膀胱容积缩小",
"膀胱充盈缺损大小",
"膀胱充盈缺损形态",
"CT检査"
],
"correct_answer": "膀胱壁僵硬",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "肾盂肿瘤应首选的检查方法为",
"options": [
"B型超声",
"逆行输尿管造影",
"IVP",
"KUB",
"CT"
],
"correct_answer": "IVP",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "输卵管结核的X线表现中描述不妥的是",
"options": [
"输卵管僵直呈锈铁丝状",
"管腔内干酪坏死显示不规则充盈缺损",
"壶腹部积水扩张呈桑葚状或腊肠状",
"多段性狭窄呈串珠状",
"输卵管边缘毛糙，见细小壁龛或闭塞"
],
"correct_answer": "壶腹部积水扩张呈桑葚状或腊肠状",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "多数肾盂的形态呈",
"options": [
"纺锤形",
"喇叭状",
"壶腹状",
"分支状",
"鹿角状"
],
"correct_answer": "喇叭状",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "输尿管生理狭窄区中最窄的部位位于",
"options": [
"肾盂起始部",
"输尿管起始部",
"平髂动脉处",
"跨过骨盆入口处",
"膀胱入口处"
],
"correct_answer": "膀胱入口处",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "有关排泄性尿路造影的错误描述是",
"options": [
"又称逆行尿路造影",
"可大致了解两肾的排泄功能",
"检查前需行碘过敏试验",
"静脉注射有机碘化物的水溶液",
"造影剂应于静脉内2分钟注毕"
],
"correct_answer": "又称逆行尿路造影",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "尿路阴性结石是指",
"options": [
"X线检查时，不能显示的尿路结石",
"不引起临床症状的结石",
"X线平片检查时，不能显示的尿路结石",
"USG和CT检查能发现的尿路结石",
"能透过X线的尿路结石"
],
"correct_answer": "X线平片检查时，不能显示的尿路结石",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于泌尿系结石的描述，不妥的是",
"options": [
"较小肾结石常聚集于肾小盏",
"膀胱结石可来自肾脏或发生于膀胱",
"输尿管结石绝大多数来自肾脏",
"输尿管结石多停留于生理狭窄处",
"结石越大越易引起绞痛"
],
"correct_answer": "结石越大越易引起绞痛",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "肾区外伤后首选的检查方法是",
"options": [
"腹部平片结合腹透",
"泌尿系造影",
"CT",
"USG",
"MRI"
],
"correct_answer": "CT",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "膀胱肿瘤CT扫描的主要目的是",
"options": [
"早期诊断",
"显示肿瘤突入腔内的情况",
"鉴别良、恶性肿瘤",
"鉴别肿瘤与非肿瘤性病变",
"显示肿瘤侵犯膀胱周围组织和淋巴结转移"
],
"correct_answer": "显示肿瘤侵犯膀胱周围组织和淋巴结转移",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "哪项不是肾上腺腺瘤的CT表现",
"options": [
"类圆形，边缘光滑、清楚，密度均匀",
"引起原醛症的瘤体较小（直径1-3cm）",
"皮质醇症的瘤体较大（直径2cm以上）",
"多数为双侧发病",
"强化时，瘤体可轻度增强"
],
"correct_answer": "多数为双侧发病",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤，以下正确的是",
"options": [
"常为圆或卵圆形囊性肿块",
"多为混杂密度肿块",
"肿块中心无坏死、囊变",
"常见钙化",
"多无症状"
],
"correct_answer": "多为混杂密度肿块",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于肾上腺转移癌的说法，错误的是",
"options": [
"可为单侧或双侧",
"中央可出现坏死",
"可有出血或钙化",
"CT可鉴别原发或转移",
"可无内分泌症状"
],
"correct_answer": "CT可鉴别原发或转移",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "子宫输卵管造影应在",
"options": [
"月经后5天",
"月经期",
"经后10天",
"刮宫术后",
"经前5天"
],
"correct_answer": "月经后5天",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于肾脏位置变化的错误说法是",
"options": [
"立、卧位变换体位上下移动1-5cm",
"深呼吸时上下移动1-5cm",
"左、右侧卧位变换体位时左右移动1-5cm",
"女性肾脏比男性低半个椎体",
"新生儿肾下极可达髂嵴水平"
],
"correct_answer": "左、右侧卧位变换体位时左右移动1-5cm",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "肾血管平滑肌脂肪瘤与肾癌的主要鉴别点是",
"options": [
"瘤内有无脂肪",
"肿瘤部位",
"肿瘤密度的均匀性",
"肿瘤边缘是否清楚",
"肿瘤有无强化"
],
"correct_answer": "瘤内有无脂肪",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "一侧肾盂不显影，膀胱显著缩小，边缘毛糙，应首先考虑",
"options": [
"慢性肾炎",
"肾膀胱结核",
"膀胱癌",
"肾腺癌",
"膀胱神经功能障碍"
],
"correct_answer": "肾膀胱结核",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "患者无痛性血尿数周，肾盂造影示肾盂内不规则充盈缺损，首先考虑以下哪种疾病",
"options": [
"乳头状瘤",
"肾盂癌",
"鳞状细胞癌",
"肾腺癌",
"肾腺瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "肾盂癌",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "女性盆腔内囊实性肿块，以囊性为主，含脂肪和钙化，最可能的诊断是",
"options": [
"卵巢囊肿",
"囊性畸胎瘤",
"卵巢囊腺瘤",
"卵巢囊腺癌",
"滤泡囊肿"
],
"correct_answer": "囊性畸胎瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "二次骨化中心的结构是",
"options": [
"软骨",
"松质骨",
"密质骨",
"结缔组织",
"皮质骨"
],
"correct_answer": "松质骨",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "儿童关节间隙在X线上显示要比成人宽，是因为",
"options": [
"儿童关节间隙滑液较成人多",
"儿童关节软骨较成人厚",
"儿童关节韧带较成人松弛",
"儿童骨皮质较成人薄",
"成人关节软骨多发生退变"
],
"correct_answer": "儿童关节软骨较成人厚",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "骨质疏松是指单位体积内",
"options": [
"有机成分和钙盐都减少",
"有机成分减少，钙盐正常",
"有机成分正常，钙盐增多",
"有机成分正常，钙盐减少",
"有机成分正常，钙盐正常"
],
"correct_answer": "有机成分和钙盐都减少",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "骨膜增生的早期X线表现是",
"options": [
"与骨皮质平行、长短不一的细线状致密影",
"与骨皮质垂直的线状阴影",
"放射状阴影",
"层状阴影",
"花边状阴影"
],
"correct_answer": "与骨皮质平行、长短不一的细线状致密影",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "—定单位体积内骨量增多属于",
"options": [
"骨质增生硬化",
"骨内与软骨钙化",
"骨质坏死",
"骨膜增生",
"骨内矿物质沉积"
],
"correct_answer": "骨质增生硬化",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关节退行性变的主要病理改变是",
"options": [
"滑膜充血水肿",
"关节囊肥厚",
"骨质肥大",
"关节软骨变性、坏死和溶解",
"韧带骨化"
],
"correct_answer": "关节软骨变性、坏死和溶解",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列关于骨质破坏的X线表现，不正确的是",
"options": [
"骨质局限性密度减低",
"局部骨小梁模糊",
"局部骨内无骨质结构",
"骨质局限性密度增高",
"局部骨小梁消失"
],
"correct_answer": "骨质局限性密度增高",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列关于关节破坏表述不正确的是",
"options": [
"关节滑膜结核一般进展较为迅速",
"滑膜结核关节的破坏一般开始于关节的边缘",
"类风湿关节炎所引起的关节破坏一般也开始于关节的边缘",
"急性化脓性关节炎关节破坏范围较广",
"关节破坏可以引起关节的脱位、"
],
"correct_answer": "关节滑膜结核一般进展较为迅速",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列关于关节退行性改变表述不正确的是",
"options": [
"关节面下骨质可以出现囊变区",
"早期表现为骨性关节面模糊",
"常伴有明显的骨质破坏",
"关节面边缘常伴有骨赘形成",
"晚期关节间隙可以狭窄"
],
"correct_answer": "常伴有明显的骨质破坏",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "椎体的正常变异是",
"options": [
"半椎体",
"蝴蝶椎",
"脊柱裂",
"椎体额外骨突",
"骶尾骨不发育"
],
"correct_answer": "椎体额外骨突",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "哪项不是先天性髋关节脱位的X线征象",
"options": [
"患侧骨盆发育不良",
"髋臼浅、假髋白",
"Shenton线不连续",
"股骨头下降、大粗隆上升",
"弓形线上方三角形透明区"
],
"correct_answer": "股骨头下降、大粗隆上升",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "马德隆畸形的原因是",
"options": [
"桡骨远端骨骺内侧发育障碍",
"桡骨近端骨骺发育障碍",
"尺骨远端内侧骨骺发育障碍",
"尺骨近端骨骺发育障碍",
"以上都不是"
],
"correct_answer": "桡骨远端骨骺内侧发育障碍",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列不属于髋发育畸形的是",
"options": [
"髋脱位",
"扁平髋",
"髋内翻",
"髋外翻",
"以上都不是"
],
"correct_answer": "扁平髋",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列描述哪项是马方综合征的X线表现",
"options": [
"四肢细长、如蜘蛛指",
"四肢短粗，骨皮质增厚",
"骨皮质菲薄，全身骨骼见多发骨折",
"椎弓根间距从第1腰椎到第5腰椎逐渐变小",
"椎体上下终板硬化"
],
"correct_answer": "四肢细长、如蜘蛛指",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列不是成骨不全X线表现的是哪一项",
"options": [
"全身性骨密度减低",
"全身多发骨折",
"骨皮质菲薄",
"头颅呈短头畸形",
"长管状骨对称性变短"
],
"correct_answer": "长管状骨对称性变短",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "佝偻病恢复期长骨X线特征",
"options": [
"临时钙化带重新出现",
"骨质稀疏",
"杯口状改变",
"骨质增生",
"骨骺与干骺端距离加大"
],
"correct_answer": "临时钙化带重新出现",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于维生素D缺乏性佝偻病的X线诊断，以下哪条征象最重要",
"options": [
"临时钙化带模糊、消失",
"干骺端呈毛刷状、杯口状",
"骨质密度减低",
"骨干弯曲变形",
"骨小梁模糊"
],
"correct_answer": "临时钙化带模糊、消失",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "肾性骨营养不良最常见的特点是",
"options": [
"骨软化",
"纤维性骨炎",
"骨硬化",
"软组织钙化",
"软组织肿块"
],
"correct_answer": "骨软化",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "以下不是佝偻病并发症的是",
"options": [
"膝内翻（0形腿）",
"膝外翻（X形腿）",
"退行性骨关节病",
"假性骨折",
"青枝骨折"
],
"correct_answer": "退行性骨关节病",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "甲状旁腺功能亢进早期骨骼改变是",
"options": [
"骨膜下骨质吸收",
"骨质密度减低",
"骨骼变形",
"骨内囊性透光区",
"病理性骨折"
],
"correct_answer": "骨膜下骨质吸收",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于甲状旁腺功能亢进局限性囊性骨破坏，下列描述错误的是",
"options": [
"又称为棕色瘤",
"多见于长骨和短骨",
"有的可呈多房皂泡样改变，类似骨巨细胞瘤",
"较大的棕色瘤常伴有病理骨折",
"多见于长骨和扁骨"
],
"correct_answer": "多见于长骨和短骨",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于肢端肥大症下列X线描述中哪项是正确的",
"options": [
"可见颅骨增大，内外板变薄，以板障、眶嵴部及枕骨粗隆尤著",
"鼻窦过度发育，额窦最明显，下颌骨增大，升支伸长，下颌角消失",
"蝶鞍呈方形增大",
"椎间盘可相应变窄，有时出现钙化",
"以上都不正确"
],
"correct_answer": "以上都不正确",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "巨人症X线特征性表现是",
"options": [
"骨骺出现及联合延迟",
"指（趾)纤细，末端光滑",
"全身骨骼对称性普遍增长、增大",
"四肢与躯干不成比例",
"蝶鞍增大"
],
"correct_answer": "全身骨骼对称性普遍增长、增大",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "疲劳骨折好发部位是",
"options": [
"第二跖骨",
"股骨",
"趾骨",
"跟骨",
"肩关节"
],
"correct_answer": "第二跖骨",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "儿童常见骨折是",
"options": [
"骺离骨折",
"粉碎性骨折",
"斜形骨折",
"嵌入性骨折",
"旋转骨折"
],
"correct_answer": "骺离骨折",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "椎体压缩性骨折X线片多见于",
"options": [
"单个椎体",
"相邻两个椎体",
"相邻多个椎体",
"不相邻两个椎体",
"不相邻多个椎体"
],
"correct_answer": "单个椎体",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "椎体压缩性骨折与哪项无关",
"options": [
"多见于胸，腰椎交界处",
"椎体呈楔形变",
"脊柱可后突畸形",
"相应椎间隙狭窄",
"外伤史"
],
"correct_answer": "相应椎间隙狭窄",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列不是先天性髋关节脱位的X线征象的是",
"options": [
"患侧骨盆发育不良",
"Shenton线不连续",
"股骨头位于Perkin方格的外上象限",
"髂颈线不连续",
"关节囊肿胀，股骨头破坏"
],
"correct_answer": "关节囊肿胀，股骨头破坏",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "干骺端是指",
"options": [
"成人长骨骨干两端较粗大的部分",
"小儿长骨未完成发育的两末端",
"成人长骨的两个骨端",
"成人长骨的远端",
"小儿长骨骨干两端较粗大的部分"
],
"correct_answer": "小儿长骨骨干两端较粗大的部分",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "疲劳性骨折的骨折线多表现为",
"options": [
"边缘清楚的透明线",
"边缘模糊的透明线",
"骨折断端错位",
"边缘模糊的带状密度增高阴影",
"边缘清楚的带状密度增高阴影"
],
"correct_answer": "边缘模糊的带状密度增高阴影",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "腕部外伤，临床上有腕鼻烟窝部压痛及肿胀应考虑",
"options": [
"月骨骨折",
"舟状骨骨折",
"三角骨骨折",
"大多骨骨折",
"桡骨远端骨折"
],
"correct_answer": "舟状骨骨折",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "骨折不愈合的X线征象是",
"options": [
"骨折端移位",
"骨折端分离",
"骨折端光滑硬化",
"骨折成角",
"骨折端重叠"
],
"correct_answer": "骨折端光滑硬化",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "腕三角骨撕脱骨折以什么位置观察最好",
"options": [
"正位",
"侧位",
"前斜位",
"前斜位",
"轴位"
],
"correct_answer": "侧位",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于儿童青枝骨折的说法，错误的是",
"options": [
"常见于四肢长骨干",
"骨皮质发生皱褶或凹陷或隆起",
"可以看不见骨折线",
"发生原因是儿童骨柔韧性较大",
"属于完全骨折"
],
"correct_answer": "属于完全骨折",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于骨骺骨折的描述，不正确的是",
"options": [
"发生在骺板软骨",
"不累及干骺端",
"X线上显示骺线增宽",
"X线上显示骨飯干骺端对位异常",
"MR有助于骨骺骨折的诊断"
],
"correct_answer": "不累及干骺端",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "纤维性骨痂在骨折后的形成时间是",
"options": [
"2-3天",
"5-7天",
"7-14天",
"4-5周",
"2-3个月"
],
"correct_answer": "2-3天",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于脊柱骨折不正确的是",
"options": [
"椎体压缩呈楔形",
"可以不见骨折线",
"上下椎间隙常有狭窄",
"常合并棘间韧带撕裂",
"横突可发生骨折"
],
"correct_answer": "上下椎间隙常有狭窄",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "肩关节脱位最常见的类型是",
"options": [
"肩关节前脱位",
"肩关节后脱位",
"肩关节半脱位",
"肩关节脱位合并外科颈骨折",
"肩关节脱位合并肱骨头骨折"
],
"correct_answer": "肩关节前脱位",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "不符合柯莱斯骨折的X线征象是",
"options": [
"桡骨远端距关节面2-3cm以内横行骨折",
"桡骨远端骨折块向掌侧移位",
"桡骨远端骨折向前成角",
"远端尺桡关节分离",
"桡骨远端骨折块向背侧移位"
],
"correct_answer": "桡骨远端骨折块向掌侧移位",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "前臂孟氏骨折是",
"options": [
"尺骨近1/3骨折伴肘关节桡骨脱位",
"尺骨中1/3骨折伴肘关节桡骨脱位",
"尺骨远1/3骨折伴肘关节桡骨脱位",
"桡骨骨折伴肘关节桡骨脱位",
"桡骨骨折伴肘关节尺骨脱位"
],
"correct_answer": "尺骨近1/3骨折伴肘关节桡骨脱位",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "完全性骨折是指",
"options": [
"线性骨折",
"螺旋性骨折",
"骨折贯穿全径",
"T形骨折",
"Y形骨折"
],
"correct_answer": "骨折贯穿全径",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "不完全性骨折是指",
"options": [
"星形骨折",
"横行骨折",
"撕脱性骨折",
"骨折线不贯穿全径",
"嵌人性骨折"
],
"correct_answer": "骨折线不贯穿全径",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "确定长骨骨折移位是以",
"options": [
"骨折近端为准",
"骨折远端为准",
"骨折近端和远端为准",
"骨折断端成角为准",
"骨折远端移位程度为准"
],
"correct_answer": "骨折近端为准",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "水杨酸类药物可缓解疼痛的肿瘤是",
"options": [
"骨样骨瘤",
"软骨肉瘤",
"骨肉瘤",
"骨瘤",
"骨软骨瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "骨样骨瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "易形成“肿瘤软骨”的是",
"options": [
"软骨肉瘤",
"骨软骨瘤",
"骨纤维瘤",
"溶骨型骨肉瘤",
"骨巨细胞瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "软骨肉瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "骨样骨瘤典型X线特征是",
"options": [
"直径不超过2cm的瘤巢及伴有周围硬化",
"好发于胫骨",
"发生于松质骨很少出现钙化",
"起源于骨膜下者为紧贴骨质的软组织肿块",
"好发于尺桡骨"
],
"correct_answer": "直径不超过2cm的瘤巢及伴有周围硬化",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "骨软骨瘤典型X线特征是",
"options": [
"瘤体可随骨骺生长而移至骨干",
"背向关节生长的骨性突起",
"瘤体与载瘤骨相连续",
"瘤帽不规则钙化",
"以上都是"
],
"correct_answer": "以上都是",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列关于骨纤维异常增殖症的X线表现，不正确的是",
"options": [
"股骨、胫骨和肋骨多见",
"不累及颅面骨",
"可呈囊状膨胀性改变",
"有显著的单侧发病倾向",
"较少累及骨骺"
],
"correct_answer": "不累及颅面骨",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列关于骨肉瘤的X线表现，不正确的是",
"options": [
"骨肉瘤分为成骨型、溶骨型和混合型",
"溶骨型骨肉瘤以骨破坏为主，很少有骨质增生",
"成骨型骨肉瘤以肿瘤骨形成为主",
"MRI发现细小瘤骨优于X线",
"MRI可以显示血管、神经和肌肉的关系"
],
"correct_answer": "MRI发现细小瘤骨优于X线",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "前列腺癌常发生骨转移，其表现为",
"options": [
"成骨型、溶骨型",
"成骨型",
"混合型、溶骨型",
"成骨型、混合型",
"成骨型、溶骨型、混合型并以成骨型多见"
],
"correct_answer": "成骨型、溶骨型、混合型并以成骨型多见",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "CT对多发性骨髓瘤检查的首要目的是检出",
"options": [
"细小钙化",
"细小骨质增生",
"细小软组织肿胀",
"细小骨质破坏",
"细小骨膜反应"
],
"correct_answer": "细小骨质破坏",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "以下哪种情况下韧致辐射作用最明显",
"options": [
"能量为0.5 MeV的β射线与铅相互作用",
"能量为1 MeV的β射线与铅相互作用",
"能量为0.5 MeV的β射线与塑料相互作用",
"能量为1 MeV的β射线与塑料相互作用",
"能量为1 MeV的α射线与铅相互作用"
],
"correct_answer": "能量为1 MeV的β射线与铅相互作用",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "SPECT灵敏度的定义为",
"options": [
"视野内各点计数值之间的差异",
"仪器可以分辨的两点之间最小间隔的能力",
"描述图像的畸变程度",
"仪器对已知强度的放射源的响应能力",
"入射光子的脉冲能谱分布的半高宽与其能量之比"
],
"correct_answer": "仪器对已知强度的放射源的响应能力",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "对小型组合机头和X线管头内变压器油的耐压要求，正确的是",
"options": [
"要大于25kV/2.5mm",
"要大于15kV/2.5mm",
"要大于5kV/2.5mm",
"要大于20kV/2.5mm",
"要大于40kV/2.5mm"
],
"correct_answer": "要大于40kV/2.5mm",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列组合，正确的是",
"options": [
"碘必乐----无机碘化物",
"优维显----阳性对比剂",
"硫酸钡----离子型对比剂",
"碘化钠----非离子型对比剂",
"胆影葡胺----经肾排泄对比剂"
],
"correct_answer": "优维显----阳性对比剂",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "对苯二酚的特性是",
"options": [
"溶于水",
"弱性显影剂",
"受温度、PH值影响大",
"与菲尼酮使用有很好的超加合性",
"其余选项都是"
],
"correct_answer": "其余选项都是",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "水洗程度的检验，主要是检测从照片上流下来的水中有无",
"options": [
"定影剂",
"保护剂",
"中和别",
"坚膜剂",
"抑制剂"
],
"correct_answer": "定影剂",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "机洗干燥不良的原因，错误的是",
"options": [
"干燥温度设置低",
"干燥组件中的湿度高",
"风量不足",
"定影液疲劳",
"显影温度过高"
],
"correct_answer": "显影温度过高",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "激活物质必须有以下特性才能产生激光",
"options": [
"基态与激发态间产生粒子数反转",
"有电子源",
"原子发生受激辐射",
"基态的原子数大于激发态的原子数",
"基态与激发态的原子数相同"
],
"correct_answer": "基态与激发态间产生粒子数反转",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于阴性对比剂的叙述，错误的是",
"options": [
"氧气属阴性对比剂",
"空气在器官内吸收较慢",
"二氧化碳的溶解度较低",
"阴性对比剂可用于膀肮造影",
"空气有产生气体栓塞的危险"
],
"correct_answer": "二氧化碳的溶解度较低",
"explanation": "二氧化碳的溶解度较大"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "不属于胆系生理功能的是",
"options": [
"分泌胆汁",
"储存胆汁",
"浓缩胆汁",
"排泄胆汁",
"调节胆道运动"
],
"correct_answer": "分泌胆汁",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "水的衰减系数是",
"options": [
"0",
"1",
"2",
"10",
"100"
],
"correct_answer": "1",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "感光测定常应用于",
"options": [
"胶片感光性能的测定",
"增感屏感度的测定",
"显影性能的测定",
"冲洗机因素的测定",
"其余选项都是"
],
"correct_answer": "其余选项都是",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "X线光子能量的计算公式，正确的是",
"options": [
"ε=0.5hυ",
"ε=5mυ",
"ε=hυ",
"ε=hc",
"ε=hυ2"
],
"correct_answer": "ε=hυ",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "伦琴发现X线的日期是",
"options": [
"1895年11月8日",
"1895年8月11日",
"678",
"589",
"31359"
],
"correct_answer": "1895年11月8日",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "X线摄影中表示X线量的是",
"options": [
"半值层",
"靶物质",
"kV",
"mAs",
"电压波形"
],
"correct_answer": "mAs",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "在X线管中，当高速电子与阳极靶相互作用时，绝大部分高速电子的能量转变为",
"options": [
"X线的能量",
"热能",
"连续X线的能量",
"特性X线的能量",
"电子对的能量"
],
"correct_answer": "热能",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "光电效应发生几率的叙述，正确的是",
"options": [
"与能量的六次方成反比",
"与能量的四次方成反比",
"与能量的二次方成反比",
"与能量的三次方成反比",
"与能量的二次方成正比"
],
"correct_answer": "与能量的三次方成反比",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "导致X线衰减的原因是",
"options": [
"物质和距离",
"X线不可见",
"X线波长短",
"X线能量大",
"X线是电磁波"
],
"correct_answer": "物质和距离",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "照射量的国际单位是",
"options": [
"伦琴",
"库仑-千克-1",
"安培-千克-1",
"戈瑞",
"希沃特"
],
"correct_answer": "库仑-千克-1",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "比释动能的适用范围是",
"options": [
"X线照射空气",
"γ射线照射空气",
"α射线照射任何物质",
"β射线照射任何物质",
"不带电粒子的电离辐射照射任何物质"
],
"correct_answer": "不带电粒子的电离辐射照射任何物质",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "用辐射权重因子修正后的吸收剂量称",
"options": [
"有效剂量",
"剂量当量",
"照射量",
"比释动能",
"半值层"
],
"correct_answer": "剂量当量",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "影响测量半值层的因素不包括",
"options": [
"管电压",
"总过滤",
"电压波形",
"几何尺寸",
"曝光时间"
],
"correct_answer": "曝光时间",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "辐射的生物效应分为:",
"options": [
"致癌效应和皮肤效应",
"遗传效应和致癌效应",
"非随机性效应和随机性效应",
"胚胎死亡效应和致癌效应",
"遗传效应和皮肤效应"
],
"correct_answer": "非随机性效应和随机性效应",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "我国放射防护标准中规定公众年剂量限值是",
"options": [
"5mSv",
"5sv",
"50msv",
"50sv",
"5mGy"
],
"correct_answer": "5mSv",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "摄影X线机机房墙壁主防护厚度应达到的铅当量是",
"options": [
"1mmpb",
"2mmpb",
"3mmpb",
"4mmpb",
"5mmpb"
],
"correct_answer": "2mmpb",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列不属于个人防护用品的是",
"options": [
"防护帽",
"铅眼镜",
"防护手套",
"防护围裙",
"准直器"
],
"correct_answer": "准直器",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "一般小型X线机没有",
"options": [
"控制台",
"X线管组合机头",
"X线电视",
"灯丝变压器",
"高压接触器"
],
"correct_answer": "X线电视",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "X线机的辅助设备不包括",
"options": [
"天、地轨",
"影像增强器",
"X线电视",
"空间电荷抵偿器",
"体层床"
],
"correct_answer": "空间电荷抵偿器",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "阳极帽的作用，下列正确的是",
"options": [
"固定靶面",
"散热",
"吸收二次电子和部分吸收散射线",
"平衡阳极重量",
"固定灯丝"
],
"correct_answer": "吸收二次电子和部分吸收散射线",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "与X线管的容量无关的因素是",
"options": [
"曝光时间",
"管电压",
"管电流",
"源频率",
"其余选项都无关"
],
"correct_answer": "源频率",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "对旋转阳极X线管的代表容量，下列叙述正确的是",
"options": [
"是指在自整流电路中，曝光时间为1s时所能承受的最大负荷",
"是指在半波整流电路中，曝光时间为0.1s时所能承受的最大负荷",
"是指在单相全波整波电路中，曝光时间为0.1s时所能承受的最大负荷",
"是指在三相六管全波整流电路中，曝光时间为0.1s时所能承受的最大负荷",
"是指在三相十二管全波整流电路中，曝光时间为0.1s时所能承受的最大负荷"
],
"correct_answer": "是指在三相六管全波整流电路中，曝光时间为0.1s时所能承受的最大负荷",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于管电压的叙述，正确的是",
"options": [
"是指加于X线管两极间的最高有效值电压",
"是指加于X线管两要间的最高平均值电压",
"最高管电压与X线管的长度、形状、介质材料无关",
"管电压的单位是伏特",
"是加于X线管两端的峰值电压"
],
"correct_answer": "是加于X线管两端的峰值电压",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "对于实际焦点，正确的说法是:",
"options": [
"实际焦点的大小主要取决于槽的形状、宽度、深度",
"形成实际焦点的电子密度是均匀的",
"灯丝前端发射的电子形成副焦点",
"灯丝侧面发射的电子形成主焦点",
"实际焦点是正方形"
],
"correct_answer": "实际焦点的大小主要取决于槽的形状、宽度、深度",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于空间电荷的解释，正确的是",
"options": [
"在灯丝前端形成的电子云",
"在灯丝后端形成的电子云",
"空间电荷的多少与管电压有关",
"管电流的大小与空间电荷无关",
"空间电荷的多少与灯丝加热电流无关"
],
"correct_answer": "在灯丝后端形成的电子云",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "对灯丝发射特性曲线的解释，正确的是",
"options": [
"不同管电压下，管电流与灯丝加热电流的关系",
"不同管电流下，灯丝加热电流与管电压的关系",
"不同灯丝加热电流下，管电流与管电压的关系",
"管电流不变时，灯丝加热电流与管电压的产系",
"管电流不变时，灯丝电压与管电压的关系"
],
"correct_answer": "不同管电压下，管电流与灯丝加热电流的关系",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于钼靶X线管，下列叙述正确的是",
"options": [
"软组织摄影时，主要利用钼产生的连续X线",
"X线通过软组织后，主要通过康普顿效应来获得高对比照片",
"钼靶X线管的极间距离与钨靶管的大",
"钼靶产生X线的效率比钨靶高",
"相同灯丝加热电流和相同管电压下，钼靶管比钨靶管获得管电流大"
],
"correct_answer": "相同灯丝加热电流和相同管电压下，钼靶管比钨靶管获得管电流大",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于X线管灯丝变压器的最重要参数是",
"options": [
"次级绕组匝间绝缘强度",
"次级绕组层间绝缘强度",
"初级绕组层间绝缘强度",
"初级绕组匝间绝缘强度",
"初次级绕组间绝缘强度"
],
"correct_answer": "初次级绕组间绝缘强度",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于高压硅整流器的叙述，错误的是",
"options": [
"体积小",
"机械强度高",
"正向电压降大",
"命长",
"性能稳定"
],
"correct_answer": "正向电压降大",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "同轴式高压电缆由内向外排序正确的是",
"options": [
"芯线，半导体层，绝缘层，金属网层，保护层",
"芯线，金属网层，绝缘层，半导体层，保护层",
"芯线，绝缘层，半导体层，金属网层，保护层",
"芯线，半导体层，金属网层，绝缘层，保护层",
"芯线，绝缘层，金属网层，半导体层，保护层"
],
"correct_answer": "芯线，绝缘层，半导体层，金属网层，保护层",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "以下哪种开关不在X线机控制台上使用",
"options": [
"按钮开关",
"脚开关",
"琴键开关",
"刷形开关",
"转换开关"
],
"correct_answer": "脚开关",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于X线机自耦变压器的叙述，错误的是",
"options": [
"自感变压器",
"初次级绕组具有电的联系",
"初次级绕组具有磁的联系",
"初次级绕组电流方向相同",
"初次级绕组电流方向相反"
],
"correct_answer": "初次级绕组电流方向相同",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于X线机空间电荷抵偿原理的正确推论是",
"options": [
"kV↑→管电流↑",
"kV↑→灯丝电压↓",
"kV↓→管电流↓",
"kV↑→灯丝电压↑",
"kV↓→灯丝电压↓"
],
"correct_answer": "kV↑→灯丝电压↓",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "旋转阳极启动延时时间多设定为",
"options": [
"4-10s",
"0.2-0.3s",
"0.8-1.2s",
"3-4s",
"4-5s"
],
"correct_answer": "0.8-1.2s",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列元件中属于电源电路的是",
"options": [
"稳压器",
"X线管",
"定子绕组",
"灯丝变压器",
"电源接触器"
],
"correct_answer": "电源接触器",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "人体软组织在37℃时，超声声速为",
"options": [
"1540米每秒",
"1540英里每秒",
"1500英里每秒",
"1500米每秒"
],
"correct_answer": "1540米每秒",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "X线管支持装置能使X线管完成几个方向的转动",
"options": [
"2",
"3",
"4",
"5",
"6"
],
"correct_answer": "3",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列物质可用做滤线栅板填充物的是",
"options": [
"钨",
"铝",
"锌",
"铜",
"铁"
],
"correct_answer": "铝",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于体层摄影，下列说法正确的是",
"options": [
"X线管不动，人体、胶片反向运动",
"人体不动，X线管、胶片同向运动",
"胶片不动，X线管、人体同向运动",
"人体不动，X线管、胶片反向运动",
"胶片不动，X线管、人体反向运动"
],
"correct_answer": "人体不动，X线管、胶片反向运动",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于准直器，下列错误的是",
"options": [
"将照射野限制在所需最小范围",
"使病人尽量减少受照剂量",
"X线摄影时能间接指示照射野",
"X线摄影时能间接指示中心线",
"X线摄影时照射野一般是圆形"
],
"correct_answer": "X线摄影时照射野一般是圆形",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "世界上第一台CT的制成时间是",
"options": [
"1956年",
"1962年",
"1972年",
"1982年",
"1976年"
],
"correct_answer": "1972年",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "数字量转换为模拟量称作",
"options": [
"D/B转换",
"D/C转换",
"D/A转换",
"B/D转换",
"C/D转换"
],
"correct_answer": "D/A转换",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "影像板上的潜影信息变成数字图像的程序，下列正确的是",
"options": [
"影像板→激光束扫描→荧光→光电倍增管→电信号→A/D转换→计算机→数字图像",
"影像板→紫外线扫描→荧光→光电倍增管→电信号→A/D转换→计算机→数字图橡",
"影像板→激光束扫描→荧光→光电倍增管→电信号→D/A转换→计算机→数字图橡",
"影像板→激光束扫描→荧光→摄像机→电信号→A/D转换→计算机→数字图橡",
"影像板→红外线扫描→荧光→光电倍增管→电信号→A/D转换→计算机→数字图橡"
],
"correct_answer": "影像板→激光束扫描→荧光→光电倍增管→电信号→A/D转换→计算机→数字图像",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "若X线机可用220V也可用380V供电时，选380V代人电的原因是",
"options": [
"降低对电源容量的要求",
"降低对电源电压的要求",
"降低对电源频率的要求",
"降低对电源电阻的要求",
"降低对自耦变压器的要求"
],
"correct_answer": "降低对电源电阻的要求",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "采用二相380V供电的X线机，电源线的数量是",
"options": [
"二条相线、二条零线",
"二条相线，一条零线",
"二条零线、一条相线",
"三条相线",
"只两条相线"
],
"correct_answer": "二条相线，一条零线",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "X线机接地的意义是指",
"options": [
"工作接地",
"工作接地和保护性接地",
"保护性接地",
"工作接地与保护性接地意义相同",
"其余选项都不是"
],
"correct_answer": "工作接地和保护性接地",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "要使mA表指示出真实的毫安值，曝光时间必须大于",
"options": [
"0.2s",
"0.3s",
"0.1s",
"0.5s",
"0.05s"
],
"correct_answer": "0.5s",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "全电视信号不包括",
"options": [
"消隐信号",
"行同步信号",
"场同步信号",
"图像信号",
"增益信号"
],
"correct_answer": "增益信号",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "滤线栅使用原则中，X线管管电压须超过",
"options": [
"55kV",
"60kV",
"65kV",
"70kV",
"75kV"
],
"correct_answer": "60kV",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "深吸气后屏气，常用于的摄影部位是",
"options": [
"躯干",
"头颅",
"肺部",
"心脏",
"手"
],
"correct_answer": "肺部",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "中心线与被照体局部边缘相切为",
"options": [
"前后方向",
"后前方向",
"切线方向",
"冠状方向",
"轴方向"
],
"correct_answer": "切线方向",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "X线自左前经右后达胶片称",
"options": [
"右前斜位",
"左前斜位",
"左后斜位",
"右后斜位",
"侧位"
],
"correct_answer": "右后斜位",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "有关摄影体位错误的叙述是",
"options": [
"右前斜位也称第一斜位",
"左前斜位也称第二斜位",
"左侧位摄影X线由右侧投射到左侧",
"顶颌位又称下上轴位",
"右前斜位与左后斜位效果相似"
],
"correct_answer": "顶颌位又称下上轴位",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "外耳孔与同侧眼外眦的连线称为",
"options": [
"听眦线",
"听眶线",
"听鼻线",
"听口线",
"瞳间线"
],
"correct_answer": "听眦线",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "外耳孔与同侧鼻翼下缘的连线称为",
"options": [
"听眦线",
"听眶线",
"听鼻线",
"口线",
"瞳间线"
],
"correct_answer": "听鼻线",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "听眶线与同侧听眦线的夹角约为",
"options": [
"15°",
"20°",
"25°",
"30°",
"12°"
],
"correct_answer": "12°",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "经过锁骨中点并与身体正中线平行的直线为",
"options": [
"腋前线",
"腋中线",
"腋后线",
"锁骨中线",
"正中线"
],
"correct_answer": "锁骨中线",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于下肢摄影，错误的是",
"options": [
"长骨长轴应平行于胶片长轴",
"与上肢等厚部位应略增KV",
"至少应包括一端关节",
"股骨近端不用滤线器",
"焦-片距通常多采用100cm"
],
"correct_answer": "股骨近端不用滤线器",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "与上腭同一平面的椎体是",
"options": [
"第一颈椎",
"第二颈椎",
"第三颈椎",
"第四颈椎",
"第五颈椎"
],
"correct_answer": "第一颈椎",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "与剑突末端至肚脐联线中点同一平面的是",
"options": [
"第12胸椎",
"第1腰椎",
"第2腰椎",
"第3腰椎",
"第4腰椎"
],
"correct_answer": "第1腰椎",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "第三腰椎约相当于",
"options": [
"脐上7cm水平",
"脐上5cm水平",
"脐上3cm水平",
"脐上1cm水平",
"与脐同一水平"
],
"correct_answer": "脐上3cm水平",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于骨盆解剖及体表定位，错误的是",
"options": [
"髋骨是由髂、坐、耻骨组成",
"髂嵴约与第4腰椎棘突同一平面",
"耻骨联合约与骶骨中点同一平面",
"髂前上棘为前上方最突出的骨点",
"于臀部下方可扪及坐骨结节"
],
"correct_answer": "耻骨联合约与骶骨中点同一平面",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "腹部前后位照片能显示其轮廓的脏器是",
"options": [
"肝",
"肾",
"脾",
"胰",
"膀胱"
],
"correct_answer": "肾",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "不属于面颅骨的是",
"options": [
"泪骨",
"颞骨",
"颧骨",
"腭骨",
"犁骨"
],
"correct_answer": "颞骨",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "经肝排泄的静脉注射对比剂有",
"options": [
"胆影葡胺",
"碘肽葡胺",
"碘葡酰胺",
"碘番酸",
"碘卡明"
],
"correct_answer": "胆影葡胺",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列哪项不属于直接引入法造影",
"options": [
"胃肠钡餐造影",
"钡灌肠造影",
"逆行肾盂造影",
"静脉肾盂造影",
"子宫输卵管造影"
],
"correct_answer": "静脉肾盂造影",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "碘过敏试验方法中最可靠的是",
"options": [
"口服试验",
"皮下试验",
"舌下试验",
"眼结膜试验",
"静脉注射试验"
],
"correct_answer": "静脉注射试验",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "有关静脉肾盂造影的检查，错误的是",
"options": [
"腹内肿块，不能施行加压法",
"常用的对比剂是复方泛影葡胺",
"肾下垂患者应加摄立位片",
"肾盂造影片应清晰显示肾上腺",
"疑肾盂积水应加大对比剂剂量"
],
"correct_answer": "肾盂造影片应清晰显示肾上腺",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "造影前不需做肠道清洁准备的是",
"options": [
"静脉肾盂造影",
"膀胱造影",
"肝动脉造影",
"输卵管造影",
"四肢静脉造影"
],
"correct_answer": "四肢静脉造影",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "静脉尿路造影第一张照片的摄片时机为",
"options": [
"对比剂注射完毕约3分钟",
"对比剂注射完毕约7分钟",
"对比剂注射完毕约15分钟",
"对比剂注射完毕约20分钟",
"对比剂注射完毕约25分钟"
],
"correct_answer": "对比剂注射完毕约7分钟",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "胆系造影的禁忌证不包括",
"options": [
"肝炎及肝硬化",
"急性胆道感染",
"胆系肿瘤及囊肿",
"严重的肝、肾功能衰竭",
"严重的甲状腺机能亢进"
],
"correct_answer": "胆系肿瘤及囊肿",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "口服胆系造影，首次摄片时间为服药后",
"options": [
"10小时",
"12小时",
"14小时",
"16小时",
"18小时"
],
"correct_answer": "12小时",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于体层原理的叙述，正确的是",
"options": [
"X线管、支点、胶片三者相对移动",
"X线管、支点、胶片三者固定",
"X线管、支点相对移动",
"X线管、胶片相对移动，支点固定",
"肢体、胶片相对固定"
],
"correct_answer": "X线管、胶片相对移动，支点固定",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于体层摄影的组合，错误的是",
"options": [
"大角度体层-薄层体层",
"小角度体层-厚层体层",
"机械角-照射角",
"体层面-指定层",
"圆轨迹-多向式轨迹"
],
"correct_answer": "机械角-照射角",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "体层照片的干扰阴影不包括",
"options": [
"晕残影",
"核阴影",
"病变影",
"线阴影",
"畸变形"
],
"correct_answer": "病变影",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于体层厚度的概念，正确的是",
"options": [
"被照肢体的厚度",
"体层片上成像清晰的组织厚度",
"病变组织的厚度",
"X线穿透的组织厚度",
"病灶到床面的厚度"
],
"correct_answer": "体层片上成像清晰的组织厚度",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于固定支点式体层装置的说法，下列哪项错误",
"options": [
"支点固定不变",
"以调节床面高度改变层深",
"焦点、胶片相对空间距离不变",
"放大率不变",
"照射角固定不变"
],
"correct_answer": "照射角固定不变",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "曲面体层常用于",
"options": [
"颧骨检查",
"筛骨检查",
"颌骨检查",
"颞骨检查",
"蝶骨检查"
],
"correct_answer": "颌骨检查",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于定位及定层的说法，错误的是",
"options": [
"正位体层，正位片定位",
"正位体层，侧位片定层",
"侧位体层，正位片定位",
"位体层，正位片定层",
"侧位体层，侧位片定位"
],
"correct_answer": "侧位体层，正位片定位",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "软X线摄影主要利用X射线的",
"options": [
"光电吸收",
"康普顿吸收",
"电子对效应",
"光核反应",
"相干散射"
],
"correct_answer": "光电吸收",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "CT胶片在分类中属于",
"options": [
"双面药膜感蓝片",
"单面药膜分色片",
"单面药膜色盲片",
"双面药膜感绿片",
"单面药膜感蓝片"
],
"correct_answer": "单面药膜分色片",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "有关明胶性质的说明，错误的是",
"options": [
"保护AgBr晶体颗粒不结块，不沉淀",
"具有多孔性，利于显影液渗透和胶片制作",
"提供感光中心",
"有热熔冷凝性",
"易熔于水"
],
"correct_answer": "易熔于水",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "普通蓝敏X线片的盲色是",
"options": [
"红色",
"黄色",
"绿色",
"蓝色",
"紫色"
],
"correct_answer": "红色",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "放射治疗价值不大的肿瘤为",
"options": [
"恶性淋巴瘤",
"神经母细胞瘤",
"鼻咽癌",
"宫颈癌",
"脂肪肉瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "脂肪肉瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "护理近距离后装直肠癌病人时不妥的是",
"options": [
"治疗前2天嘱病人进半流质",
"嘱病人收缩腹部，以防施源器下移",
"施源器放入病变部位后须固定好",
"放施源器前应两次清洁灌肠",
"治疗结束后嘱病人休息20～30分钟"
],
"correct_answer": "嘱病人收缩腹部，以防施源器下移",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "对放射治疗出现皮肤反应病人的护理方法，下列哪项是错误的",
"options": [
"用肥皂清洗，保持皮肤清洁",
"不用刺激性的药物",
"防止皮肤摩擦",
"不要强行撕扯皮肤的脱屑",
"Ⅲ级皮炎停止放射治疗"
],
"correct_answer": "用肥皂清洗，保持皮肤清洁",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "处理放射治疗引起高热的病人不妥的措施是",
"options": [
"卧床休息",
"流质或半流质饮食",
"39℃以上暂停放射治疗",
"多饮水",
"使用退热药"
],
"correct_answer": "39℃以上暂停放射治疗",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "处理放射治疗所致的喉源性呼吸困难的方法中，错误的是",
"options": [
"吸氧",
"安静休息",
"Ⅱ度呼吸困难者先化学治疗后行气管切开",
"放射量以小剂量开始，逐渐增大",
"Ⅲ度呼吸困难者紧急气管切开"
],
"correct_answer": "Ⅱ度呼吸困难者先化学治疗后行气管切开",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列哪项不是放射性直肠炎的临床表现",
"options": [
"大便次数增多",
"里急后重",
"排便困难",
"慢性贫血",
"水样腹泻"
],
"correct_answer": "水样腹泻",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列哪项不是处理放射性直肠炎的措施",
"options": [
"大剂量使用抗生素",
"高蛋白、高维生素、少渣饮食",
"局部使用地塞米松",
"口服碳酸氢钠",
"口服复方樟脑酊"
],
"correct_answer": "口服碳酸氢钠",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列哪项不是放射治疗的并发症",
"options": [
"皮肤炎",
"膀胱炎",
"直肠炎",
"血小板增加",
"肺炎"
],
"correct_answer": "血小板增加",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "预防放射性肺炎的重要措施是",
"options": [
"避免癌细胞扩散，禁用激素",
"少用抗生素",
"大剂量联合化学治疗",
"大剂量博来霉素",
"大面积照射时，放射剂量应控制在30Gy以下"
],
"correct_answer": "大面积照射时，放射剂量应控制在30Gy以下",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列哪项不是近距离后装治疗宫颈癌病人的护理措施",
"options": [
"1∶1000苯扎溴铵冲洗阴道",
"有疼痛者不宜立即处理",
"清洁会阴部",
"宫颈癌出血者，用无菌纱布填塞",
"留观1～2小时，观察不良反应"
],
"correct_answer": "有疼痛者不宜立即处理",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列哪项不是放射性皮肤损伤的临床表现",
"options": [
"红斑",
"干性脱屑、水疱、瘙痒",
"湿性脱皮溃疡",
"剥脱性皮炎、坏死",
"皮疹"
],
"correct_answer": "皮疹",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "原子核由下列哪些粒子构成",
"options": [
"质子、中子",
"中子、电子",
"电子、质子",
"电子、光子",
"质子、光子"
],
"correct_answer": "质子、中子",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "多层螺旋CT是指",
"options": [
"可同时重建多个层面图像的CT设备",
"可同时采集多个层面数据的CT设备",
"可同时显示多个层面影像的CT设备",
"可同时存储多个层面影像数据的CT设备",
"可同时处理多个层面影像数据的CT设备"
],
"correct_answer": "可同时采集多个层面数据的CT设备",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "多层螺旋CT与单层螺旋CT最大的不同是",
"options": [
"X线束为锥形",
"可获得人体的容积数据",
"使用滑环技术",
"扫描框架采用短几何结构",
"可进行连续数据采集"
],
"correct_answer": "可获得人体的容积数据",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "CT检查测量椎管的矢状径是",
"options": [
"椎体后缘至椎弓根后缘间距",
"椎体后缘至棘突基底部间距",
"椎体上后缘至上关节突后缘间距",
"椎体下后缘至椎弓根后缘间距",
"椎体后缘皮质至上关节突后缘间距"
],
"correct_answer": "椎体后缘至棘突基底部间距",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "与CT相比，下列关于SPECT的说法错误的是",
"options": [
"成像技术为计算机断层",
"射线源为放射性核素",
"形态与功能相结合，重在代谢功能研究",
"成像参数为衰减值",
"射线入射方式为体内向体外发射"
],
"correct_answer": "成像参数为衰减值",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "CT检查测量椎管的横径是",
"options": [
"椎管最大横径",
"两侧小关节内缘间距",
"两侧椎弓根内缘间距",
"两侧黄韧带中分内缘间距",
"一侧椎弓根内缘至对侧黄韧带垂直距离"
],
"correct_answer": "两侧椎弓根内缘间距",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "CT扫描使影像诊断的范围大大扩大的根本原因是",
"options": [
"病人接受X线量少",
"密度分辨率高",
"空间分辨率高",
"显示的范围大",
"可获得冠状面、矢状面图像"
],
"correct_answer": "密度分辨率高",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "CT值定为0的组织是",
"options": [
"空气",
"脂肪",
"水",
"骨",
"脑组织"
],
"correct_answer": "水",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于CT值，错误的叙述是",
"options": [
"CT值为衰减系数的标度",
"空气至骨皮质之间的CT值的范围为2000个单位",
"CT值的标度单位为Hu（Hounsfield）",
"CT值使得组织密度的高低有了量的标准",
"空气的CT值为0Hu，骨皮质的CT值为2000Hu"
],
"correct_answer": "空气的CT值为0Hu，骨皮质的CT值为2000Hu",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "调节窗宽和窗位不会影响CT图像的",
"options": [
"灰度",
"对比度",
"清晰度",
"可观察组织的CT值范围",
"各种组织的CT值"
],
"correct_answer": "各种组织的CT值",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列关于ECT成像特点中，错误的是",
"options": [
"ECT既反映解剖结构又反映器官的生理和功能",
"具有较高的灵敏性",
"具有较高的分辨率",
"放射源是根据其生物学特性分布在人体器官内的放射性药物",
"反映放射性核素在体内的分布图"
],
"correct_answer": "具有较高的分辨率",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "螺旋CT扫描与传统CT扫描相比最重要的优势是",
"options": [
"扫描速度快",
"二维或三维成像效果好",
"重建速度快",
"容积扫描",
"单层或多层连续扫描"
],
"correct_answer": "容积扫描",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列造影技术中，哪项不属于MR水成像范畴",
"options": [
"MR胰胆管造影",
"MR尿路造影",
"MR血管造影",
"MR泪道造影",
"MR腮腺管造影"
],
"correct_answer": "MR血管造影",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列哪个是MR临床上最常用的序列",
"options": [
"自旋回波序列（SE）",
"反转恢复序列（IR）",
"快速自旋回波序列（TSE）",
"梯度回波序列（GRE）",
"平面回波序列（EPI）"
],
"correct_answer": "自旋回波序列（SE）",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "与X线CT相比，MRI检查显示占绝对优势的病变部位为",
"options": [
"头颅病变",
"颅颈移行区病变",
"肺部病变",
"肝病变",
"骨关节病变"
],
"correct_answer": "头颅病变",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "MR造影剂的增强机制为",
"options": [
"改变局部组织的磁环境直接成像",
"改变局部组织的磁环境间接成像",
"增加了氢质子的个数",
"减少了氢质子的浓度",
"增加了水的比重"
],
"correct_answer": "改变局部组织的磁环境间接成像",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "X线在医学上利用的原理中不包括",
"options": [
"利用其穿透性进行X线检查",
"利用其荧光效应进行透视检查",
"利用其感光效应进行X线照片",
"利用其电离效应进行CT扫描",
"利用其生物效用进行肿瘤治疗"
],
"correct_answer": "利用其电离效应进行CT扫描",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "决定X线穿透性的主要因素是",
"options": [
"球管电流",
"球管电压",
"摄影时间长短",
"荧光屏的感光性能",
"胶片的感光性能"
],
"correct_answer": "球管电压",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "诊断用X线的波长范围是",
"options": [
"0.031～0.0008nm",
"750～390nm",
"0.0031～0.008nm",
"0.031～0.008nm",
"0.0031～0.0008nm"
],
"correct_answer": "0.031～0.008nm",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "X线的本质是",
"options": [
"电磁波",
"光子",
"超声波",
"电磁效应",
"以上都不是"
],
"correct_answer": "电磁波",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "CR的缺点",
"options": [
"常规X线摄影数字化",
"图像的密度分辨力",
"X线的辐射量",
"实现X线胶片数字化储存、再现及传输",
"时间、空间分辨力"
],
"correct_answer": "时间、空间分辨力",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "CR摄影和常规X线摄影不同之处在于",
"options": [
"使用影像板代替胶片",
"X线发生器不同",
"人体X线吸收数不同",
"对图像的观察与分析不同",
"将已摄取的X线胶片数字化"
],
"correct_answer": "使用影像板代替胶片",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "X线有物理特性、化学特性和生物特性，下面哪一项属于化学特性",
"options": [
"穿透作用",
"荧光作用",
"电离作用",
"生物效应",
"感光效应"
],
"correct_answer": "感光效应",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "DR与CR相比",
"options": [
"时间分辨力好和空间分辨力均较高",
"时间分辨力好，空间分辨力不足",
"时间分辨力不足，空间分辨力好",
"时间分辨力和空间分辨力均不足",
"均可进行透视"
],
"correct_answer": "时间分辨力好和空间分辨力均较高",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "以下哪个项目的检测需要进行运动中X线透视",
"options": [
"腭咽闭合",
"咽部缩窄",
"喉外肌",
"喉内肌",
"环咽肌"
],
"correct_answer": "环咽肌",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "软X线摄影最常用于下列的哪个部位的检查",
"options": [
"乳腺",
"肌肉",
"甲状腺",
"肾",
"子宫"
],
"correct_answer": "乳腺",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "有关X线的特性，下列哪一项是错误的",
"options": [
"射频效应",
"荧光效应",
"感光效应",
"电离效应",
"穿透性"
],
"correct_answer": "射频效应",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "X线在体内各部穿透力，由大到小的排列有以下几种，请指出正确者",
"options": [
"气体，液体及软组织，脂肪，骨骼",
"骨骼，脂肪，液体及软组织，气体",
"气体，脂肪，液体及软组织，骨骼",
"脂肪，气体，液体及软组织，骨骼",
"骨骼，液体及软组织，脂肪，气体"
],
"correct_answer": "气体，脂肪，液体及软组织，骨骼",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列关于透视的说法错误的是",
"options": [
"操作方便，费用低",
"可多位置观察",
"能观察器官的动态情况",
"图像的对比度及清晰度高",
"马上有结果"
],
"correct_answer": "图像的对比度及清晰度高",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "以下不需运动中X线透视即可检测的项目为",
"options": [
"喉外肌",
"环咽肌",
"食管形态学",
"食管运动",
"胃食管肌功能"
],
"correct_answer": "喉外肌",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "介入放射学的概念中，下列选项中错误的是",
"options": [
"介入放射学是以影像诊断为基础，医学影像诊断设备作引导，利用介入器材对疾病进行诊断与治疗的学科",
"介入放射学是通过临床与影像诊断结合进行微创治疗的医学专业",
"介入放射医师是利用影像引导进行微创治疗的专业临床医师",
"介入放射治疗是已经在许多方面取代了开放性手术的现代医学",
"介入放射学是以影像诊断为主要任务的临床辅助学科"
],
"correct_answer": "介入放射学是以影像诊断为主要任务的临床辅助学科",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "第一个系统阐述了介入放射学概念，并形成共识的学者是",
"options": [
"Margulis",
"Wallance",
"Dotter",
"Forssmann",
"Seldinger"
],
"correct_answer": "Wallance",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "介入放射学中最基本的技术“经皮穿刺动脉插管术”的发明者是",
"options": [
"Andreas Gruntzig",
"Charles Dotter",
"Alexander Margulis",
"Werner Forssmann",
"Sven-Ivar Seldinger"
],
"correct_answer": "Sven-Ivar Seldinger",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "堪称血管成形术之父，1964年首先发明同轴导管的是",
"options": [
"Andreas Gruntzig",
"Charles Dotter",
"Alexander Margulis",
"Werner Forssmann",
"Sven-Ivar Seldinger"
],
"correct_answer": "Charles Dotter",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "1977年首先使用双腔球囊导管进行冠状动脉成形术的是",
"options": [
"Andreas Gruntzig",
"Charles Dotter",
"Alexander Margulis",
"Werner Forssmann",
"Sven-Ivar Seldinger"
],
"correct_answer": "Andreas Gruntzig",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "在介入血管造影中，常使用血管活性药物提高造影诊断的准确性。下面药物中，不是血管扩张剂的是",
"options": [
"罂粟碱",
"前列腺素",
"肾上腺素",
"妥拉苏林",
"缓激肽"
],
"correct_answer": "肾上腺素",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "介入治疗术中常用的抗凝药物是",
"options": [
"低分子肝素",
"鱼精蛋白",
"阿司匹林",
"肝素钠",
"华法林钠"
],
"correct_answer": "肝素钠",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下面药物中不是溶栓药物的是",
"options": [
"双香豆素",
"尿激酶",
"组织纤溶酶原激活因子",
"链激酶",
"冬凌克栓酶"
],
"correct_answer": "双香豆素",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "介入放射学按照介入治疗的方法进行分类，应分为",
"options": [
"穿刺术",
"肿瘤介入",
"灌注术",
"栓塞术",
"成形术"
],
"correct_answer": "肿瘤介入",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "根据治疗领域分类，下列手术中不属血管系统介入放射学的是",
"options": [
"颅内动脉瘤电解式可脱弹簧圈栓塞术",
"原发性肝癌化疗栓塞术",
"下腔静脉滤器置入术",
"原发性肝癌射频消融术",
"TIPSS术"
],
"correct_answer": "原发性肝癌射频消融术",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列关于经导管动脉栓塞术治疗的机制中，不正确的是",
"options": [
"阻塞靶血管，使肿瘤或靶器官造成缺血、坏死",
"提高病变局部的药物浓度，可以增强治疗效果，减少药物对全身的不良反应",
"阻塞或破坏异常血管床、腔隙或通道使血流动力学恢复正常",
"阻塞血管使之压力下降利于止血",
"血管内封堵破裂的血管利于止血"
],
"correct_answer": "提高病变局部的药物浓度，可以增强治疗效果，减少药物对全身的不良反应",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列选项中，不符合介入术放射学中使用的栓塞物质的说法是",
"options": [
"能顺利通过导管注入",
"无毒或低毒",
"人体组织相容性好，不产生排斥反应",
"能够短时间内被吸收或代谢",
"无致畸和致癌"
],
"correct_answer": "能够短时间内被吸收或代谢",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "根据药代动力学原理，药物经过静脉注入体内后的分布分为",
"options": [
"1期",
"2期",
"3期",
"4期",
"5期"
],
"correct_answer": "3期",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "药物经动脉注入后，药物分布Ⅰ相（吸收期）中，关于靶器宫内药物分布量叙述中正确的是",
"options": [
"受到药物脂溶性和蛋白结合性的影响",
"受到血压和心率的影响",
"不受血流分布的影响",
"受到血流分布的影响",
"是全身药物分布量最大的器官"
],
"correct_answer": "不受血流分布的影响",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "药物经动脉注入血管后，下列叙述中正确的是",
"options": [
"能够很快和血液混合均匀",
"药物能在血柱的上层流动",
"药物能在血柱的下层流动",
"药物能在血柱的中层流动",
"患者卧位时，药物优先进入向背侧开口的血管分支"
],
"correct_answer": "药物能在血柱的上层流动",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列选项不是球囊血管成形术的治疗机制的是",
"options": [
"血管壁内-中膜局限性撕裂",
"中膜组织的过度伸展",
"动脉粥样硬化斑撕裂",
"血管外膜部分性损伤",
"控制性损伤学说是球囊血管成形术的治疗机制"
],
"correct_answer": "血管外膜部分性损伤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "血管支架扩张血管的机制中，下列叙述正确的是",
"options": [
"目前血管支架是使狭窄血管管腔扩张的主要手段",
"血管支架置入后，容易刺激动脉粥样斑块形成",
"血管支架置入后，分支血管口不发生阻塞",
"血管支架置入后，狭窄血管不会发生再狭窄",
"血管支架成形术后血管再狭窄的几率比球囊扩张血管成形术后再狭窄几率高"
],
"correct_answer": "血管支架置入后，分支血管口不发生阻塞",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于肾血管性高血压的形成机制，下列叙述错误的是",
"options": [
"肾动脉狭窄造成肾灌注压降低，刺激肾素分泌量增加",
"肾素转化为血管紧张素Ⅰ",
"血管紧张素Ⅰ在水解酶的作用下转化为血管紧张素Ⅱ",
"血管紧张素Ⅰ刺激肾上腺皮质分泌醛固酮，造成水钠潴留，使血压进一步升高",
"血管紧张素Ⅱ刺激肾上腺皮质分泌醛固酮，造成水钠潴留，使血压进一步升高"
],
"correct_answer": "血管紧张素Ⅰ刺激肾上腺皮质分泌醛固酮，造成水钠潴留，使血压进一步升高",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下面影像设备在血管系统介入放射学最常用的是",
"options": [
"彩色多普勒",
"多排螺旋CT机",
"DSA机",
"开放型MR机",
"电视透视"
],
"correct_answer": "DSA机",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "穿刺活检术常用的导引设备是",
"options": [
"B超",
"CT机",
"DSA机",
"开放型MR机",
"电视透视机"
],
"correct_answer": "B超",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "介入手术中，通常描述导丝直径的单位是",
"options": [
"厘米",
"毫米",
"Gauge",
"French",
"英寸"
],
"correct_answer": "英寸",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "介入手术中，通常描述穿刺针直径的单位是",
"options": [
"厘米",
"毫米",
"Gauge",
"French",
"英寸"
],
"correct_answer": "Gauge",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "介入手术中，通常描述导管直径的单位是",
"options": [
"厘米",
"毫米",
"Gauge",
"French",
"英寸"
],
"correct_answer": "French",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列选项不是介入治疗前术前的常规准备项目的是",
"options": [
"术前禁食4h",
"血常规和凝血功能检查",
"肝功能、生化、电解质检查",
"CT或MR检查",
"术前谈话，患者或家属在治疗同意书上签字"
],
"correct_answer": "CT或MR检查",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "股动脉穿刺插管术后，通常穿刺点压迫多长时间后局部加压包扎",
"options": [
"3～5min",
"5～8min",
"6～10min",
"10～15min",
"15～20min"
],
"correct_answer": "10～15min",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "股动脉穿刺插管术后的处理中，下列选项中不正确的是",
"options": [
"术后观察穿刺点有无出血",
"穿刺侧下肢制动8h",
"穿刺侧下肢制动24h",
"观察下肢皮肤温度与足背动脉搏动情况",
"24h后患者可下床活动"
],
"correct_answer": "穿刺侧下肢制动24h",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "经皮经肝胆道引流术的适应证中，下列选项中正确的是",
"options": [
"肝内胆管扩张≥10mm，血清胆红素＞120μmol/L",
"肝内胆管扩张≥3mm，血清胆红素＞170μmol/L",
"血清胆红素升高以间接胆红素升高尤为严重时",
"大量腹水",
"全身极度衰弱"
],
"correct_answer": "肝内胆管扩张≥3mm，血清胆红素＞170μmol/L",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列情况下不是肾盂造瘘术的适应证的是",
"options": [
"解除尿路梗阻所致的肾盂肾盏扩张",
"输尿管瘘做上段分流",
"结核性肾积水",
"肾盂输尿管的刷片活检",
"诊断尿路梗阻的原因和部位"
],
"correct_answer": "结核性肾积水",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列选项中，不是富血管肿瘤动脉造影的典型表现的是",
"options": [
"肿瘤供血动脉增粗",
"肿瘤内可见到排列紊乱、增生的新生血管",
"肿瘤内可见异常引流静脉，动静脉瘘",
"肿瘤染色",
"邻近血管被推移包绕"
],
"correct_answer": "邻近血管被推移包绕",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列选项中，不是部分脾动脉栓塞术适应证的是",
"options": [
"脾功能亢进",
"地中海贫血",
"特发性血小板减少性紫癜",
"门静脉高压引起的上消化道大出血",
"脾破裂"
],
"correct_answer": "门静脉高压引起的上消化道大出血",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "部分脾动脉栓塞术如果过量栓塞，最容易引发的并发症是",
"options": [
"腹腔出血",
"白细胞下降",
"血小板升高",
"黄疸",
"脾脓肿"
],
"correct_answer": "脾脓肿",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列栓塞剂中，最容易造成靶器官组织缺血坏死的是",
"options": [
"明胶海绵",
"弹簧圈",
"可脱球囊",
"无水乙醇",
"超液化碘油"
],
"correct_answer": "无水乙醇",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列栓塞剂中，哪一种不是永久栓塞剂",
"options": [
"明胶海绵",
"弹簧圈",
"可脱球囊",
"无水乙醇",
"碘化油化疗药物乳剂"
],
"correct_answer": "明胶海绵",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列哪项不是液体栓塞剂",
"options": [
"碘化油化疗药物乳剂",
"无水乙醇",
"鱼肝油酸钠",
"泡沫聚乙烯醇",
"组织胶"
],
"correct_answer": "泡沫聚乙烯醇",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "介入性栓塞术可用于以下情况，不适宜的是",
"options": [
"产后大出血",
"肾挫伤",
"胃冠状静脉出血",
"蛛网膜下隙出血",
"脑实质内出血"
],
"correct_answer": "脑实质内出血",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "恶性肿瘤适应做动脉栓塞治疗的，不是适应证的是",
"options": [
"原发性肝细胞性肝癌",
"原发性胆管细胞性肝癌",
"肾脏肿瘤",
"肾上腺肿瘤",
"盆腔恶性富血管性肿瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "原发性胆管细胞性肝癌",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列恶性肿瘤中不能进行栓塞治疗的是",
"options": [
"原发性肝细胞肝癌",
"肾上腺癌",
"盆腔富血管性恶性肿瘤",
"颌面部恶性肿瘤",
"大脑星性胶质瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "大脑星性胶质瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "良性肿瘤适应做动脉栓塞治疗，以下选项中不属于适应证的是",
"options": [
"脑膜瘤",
"鼻咽纤维血管瘤",
"颈动脉球瘤",
"小肠平滑肌瘤",
"症状性子宫肌瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "小肠平滑肌瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于栓塞后并发症的叙述中，不正确的是",
"options": [
"栓塞后并发症是术后不希望发生的症状或体征",
"误栓的后果与被误栓的器官的重要性和误栓的程度有关",
"栓塞后出现的发热是正常现象，不属栓塞后并发症",
"过度栓塞是引起栓塞后并发症的原因之一",
"误栓分为反流性误栓和顺流性误栓"
],
"correct_answer": "栓塞后出现的发热是正常现象，不属栓塞后并发症",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "动脉药物灌注术中，选择化疗药物时，下列叙述不正确的是",
"options": [
"细胞周期特异性药物对癌细胞的杀伤作用较弱且缓慢",
"细胞周期非特异性药物对癌细胞的杀伤作用较强烈",
"细胞周期非特异性药物为剂量依赖型，适宜一次性冲击性动脉灌注化疗",
"细胞周期特异性药物为剂量依赖型，适宜一次性冲击性动脉灌注化疗",
"动脉灌注化疗术中，应该联合应用不同种类的化疗药物，以提高疗效"
],
"correct_answer": "细胞周期特异性药物为剂量依赖型，适宜一次性冲击性动脉灌注化疗",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "局部灌注溶栓药物治疗血栓形成性疾病时，需要监测凝血酶原时间，当凝血酶原时间延长至正常的几倍时，应该停止减慢溶栓剂的注入速度或停止溶栓",
"options": [
"0.5倍",
"1倍",
"2倍",
"4倍",
"8倍"
],
"correct_answer": "2倍",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列溶栓药物中，溶栓药物对血栓作用的选择性最好，溶栓并发症少的是",
"options": [
"蝮蛇抗栓酶",
"尿激酶",
"组织纤溶酶原激活因子",
"链激酶",
"冬凌克栓酶"
],
"correct_answer": "组织纤溶酶原激活因子",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列溶栓药物中，目前临床最为常用的是",
"options": [
"蝮蛇抗栓酶",
"尿激酶",
"组织纤溶酶原激活因子",
"链激酶",
"冬凌克栓酶"
],
"correct_answer": "尿激酶",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列溶栓药物中，溶栓药物过敏反应发生率高，临床现已很少使用的是",
"options": [
"蝮蛇抗栓酶",
"尿激酶",
"组织纤溶酶原激活因子",
"链激酶",
"冬凌克栓酶"
],
"correct_answer": "链激酶",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列选项中，不是经皮经腔血管成形术适应证的一项是",
"options": [
"动脉粥样硬化引起的有血流动力学意义的血管狭窄",
"血管搭桥术后所致的吻合口狭窄及移植血管狭窄",
"肾动脉狭窄所致的继发性高血压",
"动脉狭窄段合并有溃疡或钙化者",
"血管肌性发育不良所致的局限性狭窄"
],
"correct_answer": "动脉狭窄段合并有溃疡或钙化者",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列选项中，不是经皮经腔血管成形术常见并发症的一项是",
"options": [
"穿刺部位血肿",
"动脉瘤形成",
"空气栓塞",
"血栓形成",
"血管壁破裂"
],
"correct_answer": "空气栓塞",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "布加综合征的概念，下列选项中叙述不正确的是",
"options": [
"下腔静脉肝段发生的阻塞",
"可以合并有肝静脉或者不合并有肝静脉的阻塞",
"通常合并肾静脉狭窄，肾功能受到影响",
"下腔静脉阻塞可以有膜形或节段形",
"肝静脉狭窄时，可以出现门静脉高压症状"
],
"correct_answer": "通常合并肾静脉狭窄，肾功能受到影响",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "布加综合征通常分为",
"options": [
"2型",
"3型",
"4型",
"5型",
"6型"
],
"correct_answer": "4型",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "布加综合征的临床表现中，不正确的一项是",
"options": [
"以青壮年多见，男性多于女性",
"以中老年多见，女性多于男性",
"腹痛、腹胀、黄疸、腹水、肝脾肿大等门静脉高压的症状和体征",
"双下肢肿胀",
"活动后常感心悸、气短"
],
"correct_answer": "以中老年多见，女性多于男性",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "超声检查显示肾脏肿块由下极向周围延伸时应注意",
"options": [
"检查胰腺有无转移",
"检查下腔静脉及肾静脉有无转移",
"检查腹主动脉有无转移",
"检查盆腔有无转移",
"检查输尿管有无转移"
],
"correct_answer": "检查下腔静脉及肾静脉有无转移",
"explanation": "肾脏恶性肿块如肾癌具有沿肾静脉扩散引起肾静脉、下腔静脉瘤栓和阻塞倾向。"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "肾动脉支架扩张成形术的适应证中，下列叙述正确的是",
"options": [
"理想的适应证是单侧肾动脉长段、单发、无钙化的狭窄，狭窄程度大于50%",
"理想的适应证是单侧肾动脉短段、单发、无钙化的狭窄，狭窄程度大于70%",
"理想的适应证是单侧肾动脉短段、多发、无钙化的狭窄，狭窄程度大于70%",
"大动脉炎活动期",
"年龄较小的少儿患者"
],
"correct_answer": "理想的适应证是单侧肾动脉短段、单发、无钙化的狭窄，狭窄程度大于70%",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列途径中是介入手术中最常用的穿刺途径的是",
"options": [
"桡动脉",
"肱动脉",
"股动脉",
"颈总动脉",
"锁骨下动脉"
],
"correct_answer": "股动脉",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列器材中，不在血管系统介入手术中使用的是",
"options": [
"穿刺针",
"导丝",
"导管鞘",
"内涵管",
"金属支架"
],
"correct_answer": "内涵管",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列造影剂中，离子型造影剂是",
"options": [
"优维显",
"欧乃派克",
"泛影葡胺",
"CO2",
"碘化油"
],
"correct_answer": "泛影葡胺",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "碘剂过敏的患者需要行血管造影，可以替代以",
"options": [
"优维显",
"欧乃派克",
"泛影葡胺",
"CO2",
"碘化油"
],
"correct_answer": "CO2",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "选择性腹腔干动脉造影中，下列动脉中不会显影的是",
"options": [
"胃左动脉",
"肝总动脉",
"脾动脉",
"肠系膜上动脉",
"胃右动脉"
],
"correct_answer": "肠系膜上动脉",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "血管内药物灌注术理论依据及适应证的描述中，不正确的是",
"options": [
"血管内药物灌注术注重药物的局部效应，使药物直接作用于病变的局部",
"提高病变局部的药物浓度，可以增强治疗效果，减少药物对全身的不良反应",
"治疗肝、脾、肾、消化道及盆腔脏器的出血",
"尿激酶灌注溶栓的风险比全身静脉溶栓的风险明显降低",
"转移性肿瘤的治疗"
],
"correct_answer": "尿激酶灌注溶栓的风险比全身静脉溶栓的风险明显降低",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "原发性肝癌，下列情况下适宜进行肝动脉栓塞治疗的是",
"options": [
"大量腹水",
"门静脉主干有癌栓，没有明显的门静脉侧支循环形成",
"血清胆红素大于50μmol／L",
"肝脏肿瘤体积巨大，占据肝脏体积的40%，肝功能ChildB级",
"弥漫性少血供型肝癌"
],
"correct_answer": "肝脏肿瘤体积巨大，占据肝脏体积的40%，肝功能ChildB级",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "原发性肝癌进行肝动脉栓塞治疗时常用的栓塞剂是",
"options": [
"碘化油化疗药物乳剂",
"PVA",
"无水乙醇",
"明胶海绵",
"金属弹簧圈"
],
"correct_answer": "碘化油化疗药物乳剂",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "外伤性肾挫伤做肾动脉栓塞止血，通常选用的栓塞物质是",
"options": [
"碘化油",
"PVA",
"无水乙醇",
"明胶海绵",
"金属弹簧圈"
],
"correct_answer": "明胶海绵",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "外伤性肾挫伤合并假性动脉瘤形成，通常选用的栓塞物质是",
"options": [
"碘化油",
"PVA",
"无水乙醇",
"明胶海绵",
"金属弹簧圈"
],
"correct_answer": "金属弹簧圈",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "症状性子宫肌瘤介入治疗时通常采用的栓塞剂是",
"options": [
"碘化油",
"PVA",
"无水乙醇",
"明胶海绵",
"金属弹簧圈"
],
"correct_answer": "PVA",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "血管内金属支架的材料与类型描述，哪项不正确",
"options": [
"根据制作材料分为不锈钢支架、镍钛合金支架和内涵管",
"根据展开的方式分为自膨式支架和球扩式",
"根据表面处理情况分为裸露型、涂层型和覆膜型",
"按照功能分为单纯支撑型和治疗型",
"根据制作工艺分为编织型和激光切割型"
],
"correct_answer": "根据制作材料分为不锈钢支架、镍钛合金支架和内涵管",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列选项不是血管内金属支架成形术的适应证的是",
"options": [
"髂动脉、股动脉、冠状动脉、肾动脉、肺动脉、腔静脉、主动脉狭窄性疾病",
"偏心性狭窄等不适宜做单纯球囊扩张成形术者",
"经皮腔内球囊扩张成形术后再狭窄或者急性闭塞以及发生动脉痉挛者",
"经皮腔内球囊扩张成形术后，为预防再狭窄或急性闭塞时",
"广泛的末梢血管狭窄"
],
"correct_answer": "广泛的末梢血管狭窄",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下面对球囊血管成形术后再狭窄的描述，不正确的是",
"options": [
"PTA后再狭窄分为急性血管闭塞、早期再狭窄、晚期再狭窄",
"早期再狭窄是PTA后1年内发生的再狭窄",
"早期再狭窄是PTA后1个月内发生的再狭窄",
"急性血管闭塞是指操作成功，但PTA后立刻或不久发生血管闭塞",
"PTA后再狭窄总平均发生率约为30%"
],
"correct_answer": "早期再狭窄是PTA后1个月内发生的再狭窄",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列关于血管成形术后再狭窄防治措施的描述，不正确的是",
"options": [
"PTA后再狭窄确切机制尚不清楚",
"抗血栓形成、抗平滑肌细胞增生和放射治疗是目前的三大措施",
"防止血栓形成是防治再狭窄的重要环节",
"抗平滑肌细胞增生的基因治疗目前还没有进入临床",
"在防治PTA后血管再狭窄时，体外照射治疗比体内照射效果好"
],
"correct_answer": "在防治PTA后血管再狭窄时，体外照射治疗比体内照射效果好",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "球囊血管成形术后再狭窄机制中，不是导致血管急性闭塞的原因的是",
"options": [
"内-中膜撕裂",
"内膜剥离",
"血管痉挛",
"血栓形成",
"血管破裂"
],
"correct_answer": "内-中膜撕裂",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列哪种不是理想静脉滤器的特征",
"options": [
"能够阻止较大的血栓块通过",
"不影响正常的血流",
"置放容易",
"置入后滤器稳定，不移位",
"滤器网孔越密越好"
],
"correct_answer": "滤器网孔越密越好",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "功能性胰岛细胞腺瘤需要采血检查，采血导管的位置叙述不正确 的是",
"options": [
"门静脉主干远端",
"门静脉主干近端",
"肠系膜上静脉",
"肠系膜下静脉",
"脾静脉"
],
"correct_answer": "肠系膜下静脉",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "以下选项中，不是PTCD手术的禁忌证的是",
"options": [
"有明显的出血征象",
"大量腹水",
"肝功能衰竭",
"碘剂过敏",
"胰腺十二指肠区恶性肿瘤侵犯、压迫了胆总管"
],
"correct_answer": "胰腺十二指肠区恶性肿瘤侵犯、压迫了胆总管",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "有关Seldinger穿刺法的叙述，不正确的是",
"options": [
"穿刺前局部麻醉时，要先做皮内麻醉",
"尖刀片挑开皮肤2mm，穿刺针斜面朝向上",
"30°～40°快速穿透血管前后壁，退出针心，缓慢退针至见血液从针尾射出",
"30°～40°缓慢穿透血管前壁，见血液从针尾射出",
"引入导丝，退针置鞘"
],
"correct_answer": "30°～40°缓慢穿透血管前壁，见血液从针尾射出",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "经导管药物灌注化疗有以下几种方法，能够兼顾提高靶器官局部药物浓度并能延长药物作用时间，减少正常组织药物接受量的方法是",
"options": [
"次冲击性动脉内药物灌注术",
"动脉阻滞化疗",
"导管留置长期药物灌注",
"经皮导管药盒系统植入术",
"降主动脉内药物灌注"
],
"correct_answer": "动脉阻滞化疗",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "关于输卵管成形术，下列叙述不正确的一项是",
"options": [
"输卵管再通适用于输卵管阻塞者",
"壶腹部远端、伞端组织不宜进行再通术",
"子宫角部严重闭塞者、结核性输卵管炎不宜进行再通术",
"金属支架成形术可用于输卵管局限性狭窄的治疗",
"输卵管再通后要继续给予药物性通水，维持输卵管通畅"
],
"correct_answer": "金属支架成形术可用于输卵管局限性狭窄的治疗",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列消化道哪个部位还不能进行管腔成形术的介入治疗",
"options": [
"食管",
"胃",
"十二指肠",
"空肠",
"直肠"
],
"correct_answer": "空肠",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "食管狭窄金属支架成形术不适宜",
"options": [
"食管癌晚期",
"年龄偏小的儿童食管化学性烧伤",
"食管气管瘘的病人",
"食管肿瘤术后复发病人",
"贲门癌"
],
"correct_answer": "年龄偏小的儿童食管化学性烧伤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列选项不属于介入治疗非血管管腔成形术范围",
"options": [
"胆道成形术",
"鼻泪管成形术",
"泌尿道成形术",
"消化道成形术",
"椎管成形术"
],
"correct_answer": "椎管成形术",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "TIPSS手术主要用于",
"options": [
"原发性肝癌",
"阻塞性黄疸",
"肝硬化、门静脉高压",
"下消化道出血",
"脾功能亢进"
],
"correct_answer": "肝硬化、门静脉高压",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A1型题",
"question": "下列操作步骤不是TIPSS手术中的必须步骤",
"options": [
"经股静脉穿刺",
"经颈内静脉穿刺",
"肝静脉造影后经肝静脉向门静脉穿刺",
"门静脉造影后，引入球囊导管扩张分流道",
"分流道扩张后，留置支架，支架置放成功后，再次做门静脉造影"
],
"correct_answer": "经股静脉穿刺",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "男，60岁，主诉黏液血便，大便变细，钡灌肠显示直肠和乙状结肠充盈缺损，管腔不规则变窄，应考虑",
"options": [
"溃疡性结肠炎",
"阿米巴结肠炎",
"Crohn病",
"结肠癌",
"肠结核"
],
"correct_answer": "结肠癌",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者女，52岁。左眼视力减退，合并突眼半年。查体：左眼Ⅳ、见神经麻痹，角膜反射消失。CT及MRI检查，考虑为蝶骨嵴内侧型脑膜瘤，直径约3 cm。为了诊治的需要还可进行的检查是",
"options": [
"头颅平片正侧位",
"蝶鞍断层X线摄影",
"脑血管造影",
"视觉诱发电位",
"磁共振血管成像检查（MRA）"
],
"correct_answer": "脑血管造影",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者男，52岁。双眼视物不清7个月。查体：神志清。视力：左眼前指动，右眼前数指。眼底检查：双视盘边缘清，色淡。为明确诊断，首先要进行的检查是",
"options": [
"视觉诱发电位",
"脑电图",
"脑脊液免疫球蛋白",
"头部CT或MRI",
"视野"
],
"correct_answer": "头部CT或MRI",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者女，60岁。突发剧烈头痛、呕吐3小时。查体：神清，颈强直。头颅CT检查提示蛛网膜下腔出血。为明确出血病因，进一步的检查首选",
"options": [
"MRA",
"MRI",
"脑电图",
"脑血管造影",
"经颅多普勒"
],
"correct_answer": "脑血管造影",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者女，54岁。反复发作性左侧面部疼痛3月。查体：神经系统无阳性体征。最有价值的检查是",
"options": [
"头颅X线",
"脑电图",
"头颅CT",
"脑干诱发电位",
"全脑血管造影术"
],
"correct_answer": "头颅CT",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者女，22岁。反复发作性人事不省伴四肢抽搐1年，每次发作时意识完全丧失，全身痉挛性抽搐，口吐白沫，眼球上翻，每次发作持续3分钟左右，每月发作1～2次。查体：神经系统查体无阳性体征。最有价值的检查为",
"options": [
"头颅X线",
"PET",
"头颅MRI",
"脑干诱发电位",
"全脑血管造影术"
],
"correct_answer": "头颅MRI",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者，男，50岁，肉眼血尿3天来诊，行超声检查发现膀胱三角区内见一低回声区，大小约4cm×3cm，菜花样，内部回声不均，宽基底，附着处膀胱壁连续性终端，CDFI：内见少许血流信号、考虑最可能诊断为",
"options": [
"膀胱内血肿",
"膀胱结石",
"膀胱癌",
"膀胱息肉",
"以上都不正确"
],
"correct_answer": "膀胱癌",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者男性，2岁，左侧阴囊肿大，超声检查发现左侧睾丸、附睾周围见无回声包绕，睾丸、附睾形态、大小、内部回声无异常，超声科诊断为",
"options": [
"精索鞘膜积液",
"交通性鞘膜积液",
"阴囊鞘膜积液",
"隐睾"
],
"correct_answer": "阴囊鞘膜积液",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "3岁小儿患先天性心脏病，胸骨左缘第二肋听到双期杂音。X线检查显示左房、室增大，主动脉增宽，肺见血，提示为",
"options": [
"房间隔缺损",
"室间隔缺损",
"动脉导管未闭",
"肺动脉狭窄",
"法乐四联症"
],
"correct_answer": "动脉导管未闭",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者男性，60岁，检查发现颈前偏右有一结节，活动度可，质中，甲状腺右叶单发、低回声结节，边界清，规则，彩色多普勒血流显像其内可见多条血流信号及周边包饶状血流信号。最可能的超声诊断室",
"options": [
"甲状腺腺瘤",
"结节性甲状腺肿",
"甲状腺癌",
"甲状腺囊肿"
],
"correct_answer": "甲状腺腺瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "李某，35岁，女性，发热，颈粗，疼痛一周，WBC数增高，T3、T4增高，ESR加快超声检查：甲状腺中度增大，包膜增厚，甲状腺与颈前肌之间间隙消失，可见“冲洗”征，内部为均质稀疏弱光点，CDEI显示低回声区周边有较丰富血流信号，内部血流信号稀少，请指出其最可能是",
"options": [
"急性甲状腺炎",
"亚急性甲状腺炎",
"桥本氏病",
"侵袭性甲状腺炎",
"甲状腺功能减退"
],
"correct_answer": "亚急性甲状腺炎",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "一肝癌并肝动-静脉瘘患者接受碘油（10ml）肝动脉化疗栓塞后30分钟出现明显气促，CT检查发现两下肺可疑碘油沉积，其原因考虑为?",
"options": [
"反流性误栓",
"顺流性误栓",
"过度栓塞",
"不明原因",
"过敏反应"
],
"correct_answer": "顺流性误栓",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者女性，30岁，近来甲状腺肿大，质韧。超声检查发现肿大的甲状腺内呈不均质地、大小不等的低回声区。实验室检查抗甲状腺球蛋白抗体阳性。首先应考虑为",
"options": [
"Grave病",
"单纯性甲状腺肿",
"慢性淋巴细胞性甲状腺炎",
"甲状腺腺瘤",
"亚急性肉芽肿性甲状腺炎"
],
"correct_answer": "慢性淋巴细胞性甲状腺炎",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "男性，25岁。近年夜尿增多，偶有水肿。BP 190/110 mmHg，Hb 60 g/L，尿蛋白（+），RBC 0～1个/HP，WBC 0～1个/HP，颗粒管型1～2个/HP，肌酐清除率降低。应诊断为",
"options": [
"急进性肾炎",
"急性肾炎",
"隐匿性肾炎",
"慢性肾炎",
"高血压病肾动脉硬化"
],
"correct_answer": "慢性肾炎",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "某男，71岁，腰背痛3个月，尿本-周蛋白质阳性，CT示腰椎多个椎体有大小不等的圆形或不规则低密度病灶，首先考虑为",
"options": [
"骨质疏松",
"多发性骨髓瘤",
"淋巴瘤",
"血管瘤",
"转移瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "多发性骨髓瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者女性，52岁，气短3个月。胸片显示上纵隔增宽，右上叶支气管狭窄，考虑为：",
"options": [
"恶性淋巴瘤",
"中央型肺癌",
"胸腺瘤",
"肺结核",
"巨淋巴结增殖症"
],
"correct_answer": "中央型肺癌",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "男性，15岁。心前刀刺伤0.5 h，胸憋，气促，恐惧，躁动，颈静脉怒张，两肺呼吸音清，心音听不清，血压80/50 mmHg。应立即",
"options": [
"心包穿刺",
"拍胸片",
"做心脏超声心动图检查",
"胸部CT检查",
"吸氧"
],
"correct_answer": "心包穿刺",
"explanation": "心包穿刺可以确诊心包内出血填塞，并可同时进行减压。"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者上腹部不适，超声显示胰腺表面不平整，内部回声增强，分布不均匀，主胰管扩张，呈串珠状，内见结石，诊断考虑为",
"options": [
"急性胰腺炎",
"胰腺癌",
"胰腺结核",
"慢性胰腺炎",
"胰腺囊腺瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "慢性胰腺炎",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "男，60岁，2个月前经CT检查诊断为右额顶急性硬膜下血肿，现CT示病变范围增大，出现上部低密度，下部高密度平面，诊断为",
"options": [
"硬膜下血肿部分吸收",
"慢性硬膜下血肿",
"亚急性硬膜下血肿",
"急性硬膜下血肿",
"慢性硬膜下血肿复发急性出血"
],
"correct_answer": "慢性硬膜下血肿复发急性出血",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "男，45岁。有动脉粥样硬化病史。突然感到剧烈刀割样胸痛2小时，向背部放射。查体发现主动脉瓣区可闻及舒张期杂音。考虑为主动脉夹层可能。下列哪一项显示内膜钙化内移效果更佳",
"options": [
"透视",
"胸片",
"CT",
"DSA",
"MRI"
],
"correct_answer": "CT",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "王某，40岁，TSH降低，T3、T4升高，超声检查发现，甲状腺普遍性肿大，边缘规则，内回声中等强度，无结节，CDFI显示腺体内血管增多，血流加速，呈现火海征，最可能是",
"options": [
"结节性甲状腺肿",
"单纯性甲状腺肿",
"毒性甲状腺肿",
"甲状腺功能减退",
"以上都不对"
],
"correct_answer": "毒性甲状腺肿",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者男性，62岁，头痛、头晕、失眠一月余。照片发现主动脉增宽，主动脉结凸出、升高，左心室弓圆隆并向左突出，肺动脉段相对凹陷；透视见心搏动增强，应诊断为",
"options": [
"肺源性心脏病",
"风湿性心脏病",
"原发性心肌病",
"冠心病",
"高血压性心脏病"
],
"correct_answer": "高血压性心脏病",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "女性55岁，CT示胆总管中度扩张，在胰头上缘中断消失，边缘不规整，最可能的诊断是",
"options": [
"胆总管癌",
"胰头癌",
"胆囊癌",
"胆总管结石",
"急性胆囊炎"
],
"correct_answer": "胆总管癌",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "男。60岁，腰背痛3个月，尿本-周蛋白阳性，CT示腰椎多个椎体有大小不等的圆形或不规则低密度灶，诊断为",
"options": [
"转移瘤",
"骨质疏松",
"多发性骨髓瘤",
"淋巴瘤",
"血管瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "多发性骨髓瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "超声检查发现左乳腺外上象限见一椭圆形低回声，有包膜，边界光滑、完整，其最有可能诊断为",
"options": [
"乳腺纤维腺瘤",
"乳腺癌",
"乳腺增生",
"乳腺脓肿"
],
"correct_answer": "乳腺纤维腺瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "女性患儿，8岁，自幼心慌、气短、活动受限、易感冒，体检胸左缘第2-3肋间闻及机器样连续性杂音。照片示两肺多血，主动脉结宽，肺动脉段凸出，二者之间填平，左、右心室增大，心及主动脉搏动强烈。应诊断为",
"options": [
"动脉导管未闭",
"二尖瓣关闭不全",
"房间隔缺损",
"室间隔缺损",
"法洛四联症"
],
"correct_answer": "动脉导管未闭",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "女，40岁，头痛2年，CT示右小脑桥脑角有一4cmX5cm囊实性占位病变跨越到鞍旁，实性部分增强，内听道正常，最大可能是",
"options": [
"听神经瘤",
"表皮样囊肿",
"脑膜瘤",
"三叉神经瘤",
"胶质瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "三叉神经瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者近来咽下不畅，食管钡餐检查侧斜位可见食管上段后壁有弧形压迫，粘膜皱壁规则，扩张度好，应考虑什么疾病？",
"options": [
"食管癌",
"食管平滑肌瘤",
"食管炎",
"食管外压性病变",
"食管憩室"
],
"correct_answer": "食管外压性病变",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "中年男性，上腹隐痛3个月就诊。CT示胰头肿大，密度尚均匀，肝内外胆管无明显扩张，半年后随访，病灶无明显变化，应首先考虑",
"options": [
"胰头炎",
"胆总管结石",
"胰头癌",
"十二指肠憩室炎",
"胆管炎"
],
"correct_answer": "胰头炎",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "男，8岁，头痛，CT示小脑桥脑角池、桥前池、右侧大脑角池、脚间池和鞍旁不规则密度病变不增强，诊断为",
"options": [
"皮样囊肿",
"蛛网膜囊肿",
"表皮样囊肿",
"脑萎缩",
"脑囊虫病"
],
"correct_answer": "表皮样囊肿",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "70岁女性，不规则阴道流血7天就诊，阴道镜示阴道及子宫颈形态尚可，宫颈管口有少量血性分泌物，US示子宫体积增大，应首先考虑哪种疾病",
"options": [
"子宫肌瘤",
"子宫平滑肌肉瘤",
"葡萄胎",
"子宫内膜癌",
"子宫腺肌瘤病"
],
"correct_answer": "子宫内膜癌",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "行支气管动脉化疗灌注的病人如在术中或术后2~3小时出现胸髓平面以下的感觉和运动障碍,则最可能的原因是?",
"options": [
"损伤了脊髓前动脉",
"药物剂量过大",
"药物的毒性反应",
"损伤了肋间动脉",
"非离子对比剂剂量过大"
],
"correct_answer": "损伤了脊髓前动脉",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "王某，女，66岁，右颈部包块1个月超声检查：甲状腺右侧叶不规则增大，内可见2x3x3实性低回声肿物，边缘不规则，呈蟹足样，无包膜，无晕环，内部可见粗糙不规则钙化，肿物后方回声衰减，CDFI显示：肿物内部血供丰富，可测及高速的动脉血流频谱。其最可能是",
"options": [
"侵袭性甲状腺炎",
"结节性甲状腺肿",
"桥本氏甲状腺炎",
"甲状腺癌",
"以上都不是"
],
"correct_answer": "甲状腺癌",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "男，七岁，癫痫。CT右顶叶有一楔形裂隙，底朝外，尖朝内并延伸到侧脑室旁，周围呈灰质密度。诊断为",
"options": [
"脑软化",
"脑裂畸形",
"空洞脑",
"穿通畸形",
"蛛网膜囊肿"
],
"correct_answer": "脑裂畸形",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "大肠癌DukesC期病人术后1年，血清CEA逐渐升高，血清AFP正常,肝脏18F-FDG-PET/CT示：肝右叶1.5×2.0cm低密度影放射性分布浓密，SUV约4.7，该病人肝脏病灶首先考虑",
"options": [
"肝转移瘤",
"肝血管瘤",
"局灶性脂肪肝",
"肝囊肿",
"肝局灶增生结节"
],
"correct_answer": "肝转移瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患儿男性，3岁，超声检查左侧睾丸、隐睾大小形态无异常，右侧阴囊内未见睾丸、附睾声像，于右侧腹股沟管内环处见以低回声实性物，大小约22×15mm，轮廓清。其最可能的超声诊断为",
"options": [
"右侧睾丸缺如",
"右侧隐睾（腹股沟型）",
"右侧隐睾（腹膜后型）",
"以上都对"
],
"correct_answer": "右侧隐睾（腹股沟型）",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "X线平片示两肺野出现大小、密度、分布三均匀的弥漫性粟粒结节，直径约1-2mm，边界清楚，应考虑为",
"options": [
"亚急性血行播散型肺结核",
"病毒性肺炎",
"支气管肺泡癌",
"小叶性肺炎",
"急性血行播散型肺结核"
],
"correct_answer": "急性血行播散型肺结核",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者，男，40岁，尿频尿急一年。尿白细胞,红细胞少许,蛋白少量,尿细菌培养阴性。静脉肾盂造影发现左肾区、肾小盏扩张及虫蚀样破坏，边缘不整,右肾积水,膀胱轮廓变形，应考虑",
"options": [
"晚期肾盂肾炎",
"左肾结核",
"右肾结核",
"左肾结核并膀胱挛缩",
"肾肿瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "左肾结核并膀胱挛缩",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者男性，33岁，超声发现双肾失正常形态，见不到正常的肾实质，代之于多发的、大小不一的无回声区，各无回声区边界清，其最有可能的诊断是",
"options": [
"多发性肾囊肿",
"多囊肾",
"肾积水",
"多囊性肾发育不全"
],
"correct_answer": "多囊肾",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "23/F，发现血压升高2月，阵发性面部潮红、出汗。超声检查发现肝肾之间圆形低回声占位，直径2cm，边界清楚，最可能的诊断是",
"options": [
"嗜鉻细胞瘤",
"肾上腺特发性增生",
"神经母细胞瘤",
"肾上腺结核",
"肾上腺皮质腺瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "嗜鉻细胞瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "中年女性患者，咳嗽、胸痛、胸闷1月余。立位胸片示右下肺野边缘模糊致密阴影，阴影上缘位于第三前肋水平，外高内低，患侧横膈显示不清，应首先考虑",
"options": [
"右侧自发性气胸",
"右下肺实变",
"右下肺不张",
"右侧大量胸腔积液",
"右侧中等量胸腔积液"
],
"correct_answer": "右侧中等量胸腔积液",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "男性34岁，反复发作上腹隐痛十年，每年冬季发作。钡餐造影胃小弯有一小龛影，十二指肠球部长期变形，应诊断为：",
"options": [
"胃癌",
"十二指肠球部溃疡",
"胃溃疡",
"复合溃疡",
"胃溃疡含并十二指肠球炎"
],
"correct_answer": "胃溃疡含并十二指肠球炎",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "某15岁男性患者，洗澡时无意中触及右大腿下端内侧硬性突起，无疼痛，膝关节运动良好。最可能的诊断是",
"options": [
"骨软骨瘤",
"软骨瘤",
"骨化性肌炎",
"骨巨细胞瘤",
"骨囊肿"
],
"correct_answer": "骨软骨瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者，女，36岁，体检时发现右肾中部稍高回声区，呈圆形，大小约1cm×2cm，边界清，内部回声欠均。CDFI：其内未见明显血流信号。首先考虑诊断为",
"options": [
"右肾囊肿",
"右肾癌",
"左肾错构瘤",
"右肾腺瘤",
"右肾错构瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "右肾错构瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "李某，男性，32岁，阴囊部可见一肿块，内部可见肠蠕动及气体回声，回声延伸至腹股沟，改病是",
"options": [
"阴囊血肿",
"腹股沟斜疝",
"睾丸扭转",
"附睾结核",
"以上都不是"
],
"correct_answer": "腹股沟斜疝",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者男，15岁。左小腿近端疼痛，肿胀。X线片示胫骨干骺端骨质致密呈象牙样及棉絮样，骨膜反应不明显。诊断应首先考虑：",
"options": [
"骨纤维异样增殖症",
"硬化性骨髓炎",
"软骨母细胞瘤",
"成骨型骨肉瘤",
"内生软骨瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "成骨型骨肉瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "1男性非霍奇金淋巴瘤患者，26岁，18F-FDGPET/CT显像结果示：颈部、腋窝及纵隔多个肿大淋巴结放射性浓聚，脾脏多个稍低密度影放射性浓聚，SUV约4.2，则该患者脾脏病变考虑",
"options": [
"血管瘤",
"原发恶性肿瘤",
"错构瘤",
"淋巴瘤脾浸润",
"不好确定"
],
"correct_answer": "淋巴瘤脾浸润",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "一肝癌患者接受肝动脉阿霉素-碘油化疗栓塞后出现以下表现，哪项不属于栓塞后综合征？",
"options": [
"肝区剧烈疼痛持续了5天，逐渐减轻",
"转氨酶较术前有持续而明显的升高",
"发热38.6°，持续5天",
"有明显的恶心呕吐，食欲下降",
"腹胀"
],
"correct_answer": "转氨酶较术前有持续而明显的升高",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "某患者，女，较肥胖，既往无肝病史。超声体检时发现肝实质回声增强，深部回声减弱，于胆囊床旁见3cm×1.8cm×2.0cm低回声，形态不规则，胆囊无受压推移改变，应首先考虑为",
"options": [
"肝良性肿瘤",
"肝局灶性纤维化",
"非均匀脂肪肝",
"肝腺瘤样增生",
"肝硬化结节"
],
"correct_answer": "非均匀脂肪肝",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "女，6岁，头痛，CT示小脑蚯蚓部有一3cmX3.5cm高密度影，明显增强，四脑室受压变窄，前移，幕上脑积水，诊断为",
"options": [
"髓母细胞瘤",
"脑膜瘤",
"脉络丛乳头状瘤",
"结核",
"血管网状细胞瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "髓母细胞瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "中年女性，胸部正位X线片示纵隔增宽，侧位片于胸骨与主动脉前方见肿块影，其诊断可能性最小的是：",
"options": [
"胸腺瘤",
"胸骨后甲状腺肿",
"畸胎瘤",
"皮样囊肿",
"神经纤维瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "神经纤维瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患儿男性，5岁，误将花生米吸入气管，胸部平片见右侧肺透过度增高，肺纹理变细，提示右侧肺气肿，吸气时照片示纵隔向右侧移位，呼气时照片示纵隔位置恢复正常，请判断花生米位于气管何部位。",
"options": [
"左肺主支气管",
"右肺上叶支气管",
"右肺主支气管",
"左肺上叶支气管",
"右肺下叶支气管"
],
"correct_answer": "右肺主支气管",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者女性，41岁，右上腹痛2天来诊，超声提示：肝脏、胰腺超声检查未见异常，胆囊大小、形态正常，胆总管内径约0.8cm，其内可见“通心粉”样结构。此病例应考虑",
"options": [
"胆总管结石",
"胆总管蛔虫",
"胆总管囊肿",
"胆道闭锁",
"胆管癌"
],
"correct_answer": "胆总管蛔虫",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "一患者做食管点片发现下列表现，食管中段局部黏膜皱襞增粗、迂曲、紊乱、毛糙、中断，并出现多个0.2~0.4cm的小龛影及多发局限性小的充盈缺损，柔软度和扩张度稍降低，患者如果有严重食管狭窄，下列哪种治疗能有效缓解症状",
"options": [
"手术切除",
"放疗",
"化疗",
"中药治疗",
"介入治疗"
],
"correct_answer": "介入治疗",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "女，30岁，发现颈部结节1周，无痛。体检:右侧甲状腺中部结节2×2cm，质硬，活动。T4、T3、TSH正常，甲状腺静态显像示：右甲状腺中部\"冷\"结节，201Tl显像示该病灶放射性浓聚，最可能的诊断是",
"options": [
"甲状腺炎",
"甲状腺癌",
"甲状腺囊肿",
"结节性甲状腺肿",
"甲状腺出血"
],
"correct_answer": "甲状腺癌",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "男，18岁，头部外伤2个小时，CT示右颞前部团块样高密度灶，鞍上池右侧变形，变窄，左移。诊断为",
"options": [
"右颞叶水肿，小脑扁桃体疝",
"右颞叶单纯血肿",
"右颞叶血肿，伴脑水肿",
"右颞叶急性血肿，大脑镰下疝",
"右颞叶急性血肿，钩回疝"
],
"correct_answer": "右颞叶急性血肿，钩回疝",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "2岁的男性患儿，超声检查发现肝脏巨大实性肿块，直径约10cm，彩色多普勒显示肿块内血供丰富，请问最可能的诊断是",
"options": [
"肝细胞癌",
"胆管细胞癌",
"肝母细胞瘤",
"血管瘤",
"纤维板障型肝癌"
],
"correct_answer": "肝母细胞瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者，男，42岁，因肉眼血尿3天来诊。行超声检查见右肾肾盂内见一类圆形低回声区，大小约3cm×4cm。CDFI：其内可见少许血流信号。右肾肾门区见多个大小不等椭圆形低回声区。你认为最可能的诊断是",
"options": [
"右肾错构瘤",
"右肾癌",
"右肾血管瘤",
"右肾腺瘤",
"右肾脂肪瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "右肾癌",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "一女性病人肝动脉造影显示肝内结节病灶为“小棉球”或“爆米花”样浓染，呈“早出晚归”模式，应考虑为?",
"options": [
"原发性肝细胞癌",
"肝腺瘤",
"肝转移瘤",
"海绵状血管瘤",
"局灶性结节增生"
],
"correct_answer": "海绵状血管瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者，男，66岁，因反复排尿困难2年来诊，行超声检查发现膀胱左侧见一无回声区，大小约4cm×4cm，壁薄，光滑，与膀胱相通。考虑可能诊断为",
"options": [
"输尿管囊肿",
"膀胱憩室",
"膀胱结石",
"膀胱息肉",
"肠系膜囊肿"
],
"correct_answer": "膀胱憩室",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "55岁女性，因阴道流血就诊，MRI示子宫内8cm肿块，且已突破浆膜累及邻近腹膜，T1加权，肿块为均匀略低信号，T2加权呈不均匀中等信号，除首先考虑子宫内膜癌外，还应考虑",
"options": [
"子宫肌瘤",
"子宫肌瘤肉瘤变",
"恶性缪勒管肿瘤",
"子宫转移瘤",
"子宫腺肌症"
],
"correct_answer": "恶性缪勒管肿瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者，女，21岁，头痛，恶心，呕吐，发热，CT检查示颅内板下新月形低密度灶，增强扫描，位于大脑半球之间的硬膜可见增强，而与骨相邻的硬脑膜增强表现不明显，无硬脑膜移位。诊断为",
"options": [
"硬膜下积液",
"硬膜外积液",
"硬膜下脓肿",
"硬膜外脓肿",
"脑表面脓肿"
],
"correct_answer": "硬膜下脓肿",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "鞍上区见一类圆形低密度信号块影，向上生长，压迫第三脑室前部使之变形，T2加权像显示肿瘤呈均匀高信号，鞍上池闭塞",
"options": [
"颅咽管瘤",
"海绵窦区动脉畸形",
"垂体瘤",
"鞍区脑膜瘤",
"下丘脑胶质瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "颅咽管瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "进食梗阻感二月，X线表现食管中段有5cm长狭窄段，壁不规则，粘膜不连续，狭窄上方食管扩张明显，最可能的是",
"options": [
"食管癌",
"食管静脉曲张",
"食管良性狭窄",
"贲门痉挛",
"胃底贲门癌"
],
"correct_answer": "食管癌",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者男性，30岁，右腰痛伴痛性血尿半年。平片示小骨盆腔右上方有枣核大钙化影，呈纵行方向。肾盂造影示右侧肾盂肾盏和输尿管扩张，肾盏扩大呈杵状，肾盂扩大，下缘膨隆，肾盂肾盏显影稍延迟。应诊断为：",
"options": [
"右输尿管结石伴中度肾盂积水",
"右输尿管结石伴轻度肾盂积水",
"右输尿管结石伴重度肾盂积水",
"肾结核伴输尿管钙化",
"输尿管乳头瘤伴肾积水"
],
"correct_answer": "右输尿管结石伴中度肾盂积水",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "女，51岁，右眼球突出4个月，视力尚可。B超发现球后肿物，颅骨平片发现视神经管增粗，最可能的诊断为",
"options": [
"Graves病",
"炎性假瘤",
"视神经脑膜瘤",
"泪腺癌",
"视神经胶质瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "视神经脑膜瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者反复发热伴右上腹疼痛，超声检查示左肝管内数个大小不等的强回声团，前方与胆管壁之间见液性暗带，后方伴声影，提示最可能诊断为",
"options": [
"肝内钙化灶",
"肝内胆管积气",
"肝内胆管结石",
"胆管细胞肝癌",
"胆道蛔虫"
],
"correct_answer": "肝内胆管结石",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者男，30岁，头部外伤5h，CT轴位扫描示左额骨骨折，头皮血肿，额部颅内板下梭形不均匀高密度，中线结构右移，CT诊断为",
"options": [
"急性硬膜下血肿",
"急性硬膜外血肿",
"急性脑血肿伴硬膜外血肿",
"脑挫裂上伴硬膜下血肿",
"亚急性硬膜下血肿"
],
"correct_answer": "急性硬膜外血肿",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者女性，35岁，盆腔立位平片示耻骨联合上12cm，右旁6cm有一圆形节育环，应诊断为",
"options": [
"宫内节育环",
"节育环隐性脱落",
"环嵌入宫壁",
"环脱入腹腔",
"环脱至宫颈"
],
"correct_answer": "环脱入腹腔",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "胆道手术后数天，复查超声可见肝内胆管内多个条形强回声影，伴“彗星尾”征，肝内胆管无扩张。最可能诊断是",
"options": [
"胆道结石",
"胆道闭锁",
"胆道积气",
"胆道感染",
"胆道蛔虫"
],
"correct_answer": "胆道积气",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "女性患者，24岁，因患风湿性心脏病而摄心、大血管远达高千伏心脏后前位和左侧位。照片示二尖瓣型心，心胸比值0.53，左心房和右心室增大，两肺门影增大模糊，上肺门大于下肺门，两肺纹理多而模糊，并有网状影及淡薄的密度增高影为背景。肺部改变应考虑为",
"options": [
"肺充血",
"肺动脉高压",
"肺少血",
"肺栓塞",
"肺瘀血"
],
"correct_answer": "肺瘀血",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "某患者，右上腹痛伴发热9天，超声检查显示：肝右叶见一7cm×8cm的低回声区，边缘厚而不齐，边界模糊，后方增强效应明显，隔肌运动减弱，右胸腔内见新月状无回声区。最可能的诊断是",
"options": [
"肝囊肿并出血",
"肝脓肿",
"肝结核",
"肝包虫病",
"肝实质内血肿"
],
"correct_answer": "肝脓肿",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "男性患者，58岁，不规则发热4月。CT表现右肺上叶后段不规则空洞影，壁较厚，其内有分隔及短小气液面，周边伴有小支气管扩张，邻近胸膜增厚。应首先诊断为",
"options": [
"浸润型肺结核",
"空洞型肺结核并支气管播散",
"支气管扩张并感染",
"慢性肺脓肿",
"空洞型肺癌"
],
"correct_answer": "慢性肺脓肿",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者女性，38岁，间歇性低血糖、昏厥病史。超声检查提示：胰体部隐约可见一低回声肿物，大小约1.2×1.0cm，其内血供较丰富。其诊断可能是",
"options": [
"胰腺癌",
"胰腺内分泌肿瘤",
"局限性胰腺炎",
"胰腺囊肿",
"胰腺囊腺瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "胰腺内分泌肿瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "54岁男性，CT示肝脏缩小、比例失调，平扫及增强扫描，肝实质内未见明确占位性病变，仅见门脉主干增宽，其内充满可强化的软组织密度影，最可能诊断是",
"options": [
"纤维板层样肝癌",
"门脉血栓",
"门静脉炎",
"癌栓型肝癌",
"外生性肝癌"
],
"correct_answer": "癌栓型肝癌",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "男，30岁，头颅CT示左小脑半球一3cmX4cm囊样低密度区伴壁结节，结节明显增强，四脑室受压变形、右移。最大可能是",
"options": [
"胶质母细胞瘤",
"髓母细胞瘤",
"星形细胞瘤",
"血管网状细胞瘤",
"淋巴瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "血管网状细胞瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "女，36岁，颈前区甲状腺触及一结节，2×3cm，质较硬，活动，无压痛，血钙水平正常，CT水平升高，下列哪种检查结果是阴性",
"options": [
"18FDG-PET/CT",
"131I-SPECT",
"201Tl-SPECT",
"99mTc-DMSA(Ⅴ)-SPECT",
"99mTc-MIBI-SPECT"
],
"correct_answer": "131I-SPECT",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "男性患者，钳工，摔伤后，右腕疼痛、活动障碍两天，经拍片发现，月骨变形，呈扁平状，体积较小，密度增高，首先考虑为何病",
"options": [
"腕月骨缺血坏死",
"月骨结核",
"月骨骨折",
"类风湿性关节炎",
"月骨骨髓炎"
],
"correct_answer": "腕月骨缺血坏死",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "女，20岁，右颈部包块一年，CT示右颈动脉鞘区有一2cmX3cm囊实性肿块，实性部分增强，诊断为",
"options": [
"腮腺囊肿",
"颈动脉球瘤",
"神经鞘瘤",
"恶性淋巴瘤",
"腮裂囊肿"
],
"correct_answer": "神经鞘瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "中年女性患者，体检时超声检查发现肝S5段高回声结节，边界清楚，病灶血供稀少。患者无乙肝病史，AFP正常，请选出最可能的诊断",
"options": [
"肝局灶性结节增生",
"肝血管瘤",
"肝腺瘤",
"炎性假瘤",
"肝细胞癌"
],
"correct_answer": "肝血管瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "34岁男性，T1加权示全肝均匀分布直径0．5～1．0cm略高信号小结节影，T2加权结节为略低信号，结节间隔信号与结节信号相反，增强扫描，结节强化不明显，最可能诊断是",
"options": [
"结节性肝硬化",
"多囊肝",
"转移性肝癌",
"弥漫型淋巴瘤",
"血吸虫性肝硬化"
],
"correct_answer": "结节性肝硬化",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "某患者65岁，心前区反复短暂压榨样疼痛半年，心电图示心肌缺血，应选择哪一项心血管造影为最佳？",
"options": [
"右心室选择性造影",
"主动脉造影",
"选择性冠状动脉造影",
"左心室造影",
"右心房造影"
],
"correct_answer": "选择性冠状动脉造影",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "一黄疸患者肝内胆管扩张,肝外胆管未显示,胆囊未充盈,其梗阻部位最可能为",
"options": [
".胆总管十二指肠后段",
"肝门部",
"胆总管胰腺段",
"胆总管壶腹段",
"胆总管十二指肠上段"
],
"correct_answer": "肝门部",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者男性，60岁，尿痛尿急及血尿3月，膀胱造影示膀胱顶壁及左侧壁不规则充盈缺损，呈菜花状，膀胱壁僵硬。应诊断为：",
"options": [
"膀胱憩室",
"膀胱结石",
"膀胱癌",
"膀胱结核",
"膀胱孪缩"
],
"correct_answer": "膀胱癌",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "超声检查发现肝内多发性中等回声结节，边界清，规则，病灶周边绕以低回声晕，呈“靶心征”，其最有可能的诊断是：",
"options": [
"原发性肝癌",
"转移性肝癌",
"肝血管瘤",
"炎性假瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "转移性肝癌",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者男性，20岁，发烧咳嗽胸痛二天，X线照片见右肺上野有三角形致密影底向外，尖向内，下缘整齐，上缘模糊。应诊断为",
"options": [
"右肺上叶肺不张",
"右肺上部浸润型肺结核",
"右肺上叶肺炎支原体肺炎",
"右肺上叶大叶性肺炎",
"右肺上叶化脓性肺炎"
],
"correct_answer": "右肺上叶大叶性肺炎",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "25岁，男性，疲劳乏力及体重下降3年，实验室检查血糖、血皮质醇下降，CT扫描件双肾上腺区各可见一约3cmX3cm及3cmX5cm大小不规则肿块，平扫密度不均，可见点状钙化，增强扫描周边强化，中心密度较低，其最可能诊断为",
"options": [
"肾上腺囊肿",
"肾上腺结核",
"肾上腺腺瘤",
"肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤",
"肾上腺皮质癌"
],
"correct_answer": "肾上腺结核",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者，男，66岁，发现排尿困难2年来诊。超声检查：前列腺大小约4cm×3.8cm×5.1cm，呈球形，内部回声不均，左右不对称，左侧叶外腺内见一低回声区，大小约0.8×0.7cm，边界清，规则。CDFI：内可见少许血流信号。最恰当诊断为",
"options": [
"前列腺增生并实性结节，不排除恶性可能",
"前列腺增生并实性结节，考虑增生结节可能性大",
"慢性前列腺炎",
"急性前列腺炎",
"前列腺脓肿"
],
"correct_answer": "前列腺增生并实性结节，不排除恶性可能",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者，男，30岁，因排泡沫尿1周入院，当时行超声检查，双肾未见明显异常。住院后行右肾穿刺活检，3天后再次行超声检查发现右肾包膜下异常低回声区，范围约4cm×2cm。CDFI：其内未见血流信号。最可能是",
"options": [
"右肾错构瘤",
"右肾癌",
"右肾血管瘤",
"右肾周围血肿",
"右肾脂肪瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "右肾周围血肿",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "男性患者，50岁，上腹部不适半年，上消化道透视及摄片发现胃窦大弯侧有边界不规则菜花状充盈缺损，附近胃粘膜中断，蠕动消失。应诊断为",
"options": [
"胃息肉",
"胃窦癌",
"胃炎",
"胃内异物",
"胃平滑肌瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "胃窦癌",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "一青年男性，无自觉不适，CT平扫示双侧肾锥体对称分布毛刷样钙化，尿检无明显异常，应首先考虑",
"options": [
"双肾结石",
"双肾结核",
"双侧髓质海绵肾",
"双侧肾癌",
"马蹄肾"
],
"correct_answer": "双侧髓质海绵肾",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "男，65岁，右侧肢体力弱，CT示额顶叶有一3.5cmX4.0cm混杂密度区，花环样强化，中线结构右移，最大可能是",
"options": [
"脑膜瘤",
"少突胶质细胞瘤",
"恶性淋巴瘤",
"胶质母细胞瘤",
"脑膜瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "胶质母细胞瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "50岁女性，体检US，肝右叶内5cm强回声团块，CT平扫为边缘锐利的略低密度灶，增强扫描呈充填式强化，应首先考虑",
"options": [
"原发性肝癌",
"转移性肝癌",
"肝脏血管瘤",
"肝脓肿",
"肝囊肿"
],
"correct_answer": "肝脏血管瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "女，2岁，突眼，CT示右眼球内团快样钙化，视神经粗，周围有软组织密度块影，诊断：",
"options": [
"炎性假瘤",
"甲状腺性突眼",
"黑色素瘤",
"视网膜母细胞瘤",
"视网膜血管瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "视网膜母细胞瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "女，25岁，腰痛2年。CT显示腰4右侧椎旁有一2cmX3cm软组织密度肿块，呈哑铃型，要4/5右侧椎间孔扩大，诊断为",
"options": [
"神经源性肿瘤",
"转移瘤",
"巨细胞瘤",
"淋巴瘤",
"椎间盘突出"
],
"correct_answer": "神经源性肿瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "男，30岁，在肾上腺区可见一直径3cm的肿物，外缘光滑。T1加权像呈低信号，T2加权像信号强度类似脑脊液，注射GD-DTPA后不均匀增强，就诊断为",
"options": [
"肾上腺瘤",
"肾上腺囊肿",
"嗜铬细胞瘤",
"神经母细胞瘤",
"肾上腺转移瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "嗜铬细胞瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "男，15岁，头痛，呕吐2周，CT示四脑室扩大，内有菜花样混杂密度，不均匀强化，诊断为",
"options": [
"脑膜瘤",
"脉络丛乳头状瘤",
"室管膜瘤",
"髓母细胞瘤",
"星形细胞瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "室管膜瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "男，18岁，头痛5个月，CT示松果体区有一2cmX2cm稍高密度影，边界清楚，中等均匀强化，最大可能是",
"options": [
"肿瘤",
"囊肿",
"结核",
"脓肿",
"动静脉畸形"
],
"correct_answer": "肿瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "男性，49岁。左下拔牙区阵发性酸痛4年。4年前有左下牙拔除史。口内检查见：左下第1磨牙缺失，牙龈表现正常，无隆起性改变。左下颌骨侧位片显示：坐下颌第1磨牙缺失，其牙槽部有直径为1cm的类圆形骨质密度降低区，边缘光滑。考虑",
"options": [
"左下颌骨残余囊肿",
"左下颌骨根尖周囊肿",
"左下颌骨根尖囊肿",
"左下颌骨牙囊肿",
"左下颌骨根尖骨坏死"
],
"correct_answer": "左下颌骨残余囊肿",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患儿男性，12岁，心慌、气短、活动受限6年，胸骨左缘3-4肋间闻及收缩期杂音，肺动脉瓣第二音亢进。照片示两肺多血，左右心室增大，肺动脉段突出，主动脉结正常。应诊断为",
"options": [
"房间隔缺损",
"动脉导管未闭",
"室间隔缺损",
"二尖瓣关闭不全",
"肥厚型心肌病"
],
"correct_answer": "室间隔缺损",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者男性，13岁，骑自行车撞击上腹部后3天，自觉上腹部疼痛不适。超声检查发现胰腺前方见一6×8cm无回声区，边界清，整齐，后壁回声增强，其最可能的超声诊断是",
"options": [
"胰腺假性囊肿",
"胃网膜囊肿",
"肾囊肿",
"肠系膜囊肿"
],
"correct_answer": "胰腺假性囊肿",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "一肝癌患者接受肝动脉阿霉素-碘油化疗栓塞后一个月复查CT，发现脾脏多发梗死灶，其原因考虑为？",
"options": [
"门脉癌栓脱落所致",
"与肝动脉栓塞无关",
"肝动脉栓塞时顺流性误栓所致",
"肝动脉栓塞时反流性误栓所致",
"肝动脉栓塞时栓塞物经肝动脉-门静脉瘘进入门脉系统所致"
],
"correct_answer": "肝动脉栓塞时反流性误栓所致",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "男，70岁，突然昏迷两个小时，发病前一直按高血压治疗，CT示右侧内外囊间呈椭圆形高密度，CT值为70HU，诊断为",
"options": [
"蛛网膜下腔出血",
"肿瘤内出血",
"视丘内侧型出血",
"视丘出血",
"壳核外侧型出血"
],
"correct_answer": "壳核外侧型出血",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "女性23岁，无症状，体检发现右肾中上部稍低回声肿物，彩超检查可见肾血管穿行于肿物中，肾血管未被压迫、移位。应考虑",
"options": [
"肾癌",
"肾错构瘤",
"肾脓肿",
"肾柱肥大",
"肾血肿"
],
"correct_answer": "肾柱肥大",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者女性，19岁，肥胖，体毛多，月经稀少，超声检查发现双侧卵巢增大，约6.0×5.7cm，其内见十数个大小不等的无回声区,，直径＜1.0cm，其诊断最有可能是",
"options": [
"卵巢囊肿",
"子宫内膜异位",
"多囊卵巢",
"卵巢囊性畸胎瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "多囊卵巢",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者陈某，有风湿性关节炎病史，心脏听诊主动脉瓣区有舒张期杂音，疑有主动脉瓣关闭不全，用彩色多普勒技术检查应有什么表现",
"options": [
"左心室在收缩期有血流射入肺动脉",
"显示有血流从主动脉瓣口在舒张期流向左心室",
"收缩期有血流从右心房流入右心室",
"左心室在收缩期无血流射入主动脉",
"收缩期有血流从左房流入左心室"
],
"correct_answer": "显示有血流从主动脉瓣口在舒张期流向左心室",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者男，60岁，幼年患过肺结核，近三个月咳嗽、咳痰，偶带血丝，左侧胸痛，胸部正位片是左上肺3.2cmX2.7cm阴影，边缘欠清晰、毛糙。诊断应首先考虑",
"options": [
"肺结核",
"周围型肺癌",
"肺脓肿",
"肺错构瘤",
"肺炎性假瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "周围型肺癌",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者无痛性血尿，超声示膀胱三角区乳头状隆起性病灶3×2cm，基底部较宽，不随体位移动，首选诊断是",
"options": [
"膀胱结石",
"膀胱内血凝块",
"血管瘤",
"膀胱癌",
"膀胱内异物"
],
"correct_answer": "膀胱癌",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "一患者做食管点片发现下列表现：食管中段向腔内凸出的偏心性充盈缺损，呈半球状，切线位肿瘤与正常食管分界清楚，正位观肿瘤呈类圆形充盈缺损，而且可见正常黏膜爬上肿物表面后被展平，下列哪种诊断最确切",
"options": [
"食管癌肿块型",
"食管平滑肌瘤",
"反流性食管炎",
"食管静脉曲张",
"腐蚀性食管炎"
],
"correct_answer": "食管平滑肌瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "心脏正侧位片，显示两肺呈瘀血征，心影呈二尖瓣型，心胸比值为0.53，心影可见左心缘出现四个弓，主动脉弓较小，心尖上翘，心底有双重密度影。应诊断为",
"options": [
"慢性肺原性心脏病",
"缩窄性心包炎",
"先天性心脏病房间隔缺损",
"风湿性心脏病二尖瓣狭窄",
"风湿性心脏病二尖瓣狭窄伴关闭不全"
],
"correct_answer": "风湿性心脏病二尖瓣狭窄",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患儿男，2岁，头痛。CT轴位平扫示双侧额顶部半月形脑脊液密度灶，脑实质受压，中线结构居中，诊断为",
"options": [
"急性硬膜下血肿",
"双侧硬膜下血肿",
"双额顶慢性硬膜下血肿",
"双额顶硬膜下积液",
"双额顶蛛网膜囊肿"
],
"correct_answer": "双额顶硬膜下积液",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "查体发现肝右叶3×2cm强回声结节，边界清楚，彩超其内未见血流信号，后方回声无明显改变，最可能的诊断是：",
"options": [
"血管瘤",
"炎性假瘤",
"肝癌",
"肝腺瘤",
"局限性结节性增生"
],
"correct_answer": "血管瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "胆囊壁厚3mm，内壁见低回声突起物，大小约12×10mm，表面尚光滑，基底不宽，无声影，其最有可能的诊断为：",
"options": [
"胆囊癌",
"胆囊息肉",
"胆囊良性腺瘤",
"慢性胆囊炎"
],
"correct_answer": "胆囊良性腺瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "女，32岁，G1P0，孕32周，疑羊水过多来诊。超声显示羊水指数25cm，胎儿右侧胸腔内见实性不均质占位性病灶，右肺径线小，心脏受压向左侧移位。彩超显示病灶血流供应来自肝脏。此时胎儿最可能的超声诊断是",
"options": [
"肺分离",
"右侧膈疝",
"先天性肺腺瘤样囊肿",
"纵隔肿瘤",
"肺部肿瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "右侧膈疝",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "男，8岁，头痛，CT示松果体区有一1.5cmX0.5cm稍高密度影，中等增强，侧脑室室管膜明显增厚，增强，诊断为",
"options": [
"松果体细胞瘤",
"恶性胶质瘤",
"生殖细胞瘤",
"恶性淋巴瘤",
"脑膜瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "生殖细胞瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "女性患者，48岁，2年前曾患宫颈癌，经治疗明显好转。现咳嗽、咳血痰，胸片发现两肺散在多个大小不等、密度均匀结节状影，边界较清晰，直径2～3cm应诊断为",
"options": [
"细支气管肺泡癌",
"肺转移瘤",
"大叶性肺炎",
"小叶性肺炎",
"肺内多发血肿"
],
"correct_answer": "肺转移瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "男性18岁，鼻塞、反复鼻出血2年，复视1周。CT扫描示鼻咽部2cmX4cm肿块，肿块边缘模糊；病灶向上破坏颅底，侵犯鞍旁，蝶窦顶壁上抬；向前侵犯鼻腔；侵犯鼻咽，鼻咽腔变形；增强扫描病灶强化明显。最可能的诊断是：",
"options": [
"脊索瘤",
"血管纤维瘤",
"鼻咽癌（未分化型）",
"蝶窦癌",
"鼻咽部淋巴瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "血管纤维瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "主诉低热无力,腹泻气乏,右下腹部似有包块。X线钡餐检查:盲肠短缩,粘膜紊乱,间有息肉样改变,回肠末端细而不规则,考虑最大可能",
"options": [
"溃疡性结肠炎",
"肠结核",
"结肠癌",
"克隆氏病",
"结肠息肉"
],
"correct_answer": "肠结核",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "30岁女性患者，体检时超声检查发现肝内实性肿块，直径约5cm，彩色多普勒显示病灶血管呈由中心向周边放射状分布，请问最可能的诊断是",
"options": [
"肝局灶性结节增生",
"肝血管瘤",
"肝腺瘤",
"炎性假瘤",
"肝细胞癌"
],
"correct_answer": "肝局灶性结节增生",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "男性，6岁，以不规则性癫痫入院，CT扫描示双侧脑室前脚和体部，室管膜下，多发钙化灶，诊断为",
"options": [
"脑囊虫病",
"多发结核瘤",
"生理性钙化",
"结节性硬化",
"室管膜下脓肿"
],
"correct_answer": "结节性硬化",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "男，25岁，CT示双侧听神经髓鞘瘤，右侧脑室三角区脑膜瘤，诊断为",
"options": [
"神经纤维瘤病1型",
"神经纤维瘤病2型",
"神经纤维瘤病3型",
"神经纤维瘤病4型",
"神经纤维瘤病5型"
],
"correct_answer": "神经纤维瘤病2型",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "28岁非霍奇金淋巴瘤患者，原发部位为颈部淋巴结，2程化疗后评价为完全缓解，4程化疗后2周行PET/CT显像，图像示：全身骨骼代谢活跃，骨质密度未见异常；余全身未见异常代谢活跃灶。追问病史得知PET/CT检查前因白细胞降低，服用升高白细胞药物治疗。问：该患者全身骨骼代谢活跃最可能的原因是",
"options": [
"年轻患者的生理性骨骼摄取",
"化疗后骨髓细胞反应性增生",
"淋巴瘤骨髓浸润",
"服用升高白细胞药物后的骨髓反应",
"合并其它全身骨骼病变"
],
"correct_answer": "服用升高白细胞药物后的骨髓反应",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "女，28岁，产后突发剧烈头痛、视物模糊，一侧肢体轻偏瘫。CT平扫示双侧白质大片低密度改变，皮质斑点状出血，脑室变小。最可能的诊断是",
"options": [
"静脉窦血栓形成",
"脑梗死",
"出血性脑梗死",
"多发性硬化活动期",
"脑炎"
],
"correct_answer": "静脉窦血栓形成",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "王某，男性1岁，突然发现阴囊肿胀、剧疼。超声显示：睾丸轻度肿大，中等回声，2—3小时后复查睾丸回声尚均匀，睾丸内血流消失。该病应是",
"options": [
"睾丸炎及附睾炎",
"阴囊血肿",
"鞘膜积液",
"睾丸扭转",
"斜疝绞窄"
],
"correct_answer": "睾丸扭转",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "男性患者，65岁，胸部CT扫描示近右肺门区有一分叶状软组织肿块，并伴有右上肺不张，右肺上叶支气管狭窄，纵隔内见肿大淋巴结，最可能的诊断为",
"options": [
"右上叶中央型肺癌",
"周围型肺癌",
"右上叶肺炎",
"肺结核",
"右侧纵隔恶性肿瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "右上叶中央型肺癌",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者中年男性，无痛性全程血尿半月余，IVP示同侧肾盂、输尿管及膀胱均见充盈缺损。可能性最大的是：",
"options": [
"肾癌种植转移",
"转移瘤",
"腺瘤",
"肾结核",
"移行细胞癌"
],
"correct_answer": "移行细胞癌",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "某乙肝患者在超声检查时发现肝内实性肿块，最大直径约3.5cm，AFP明显升高，诊断为肝细胞癌，请根据我国病理分型标准，选择分型",
"options": [
"弥漫型",
"结节型",
"巨块型",
"块状型",
"小癌型"
],
"correct_answer": "结节型",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "男，60岁，CT示腰3、4椎体骨小梁稀少，增粗呈颗粒状，诊断",
"options": [
"骨质疏松",
"骨质软化",
"转移瘤",
"血管瘤",
"骨髓瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "血管瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者男性，有牧区生活史。超声检查显示肝内见多个较小囊包并在一起，部分囊包内见沙状光点。最可能的超声诊断是",
"options": [
"肝包虫囊肿",
"多囊肝",
"多发性肝囊肿",
"多发性肝脓肿"
],
"correct_answer": "肝包虫囊肿",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "女性，43岁，头痛、发热5天、CT平扫显示脚间池内葡萄状低密度，有强化，脑室扩大。诊断",
"options": [
"结核性脑膜炎",
"化脓性脑膜炎",
"脑膜型脑囊虫病",
"病毒性脑膜炎",
"真菌性脑膜炎"
],
"correct_answer": "脑膜型脑囊虫病",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "35岁女性，因经血增多、痛经就诊，CT示子宫一致性增大，子宫壁增厚，内有无数小囊状影，囊液CT值15～28HU，宫腔形态尚可，应首先考",
"options": [
"子宫肌瘤",
"子宫腺肌症",
"子宫内膜癌",
"子宫平滑肌肉瘤",
"子宫转移瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "子宫腺肌症",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "男，25岁，股骨颈骨折金属物内固定后复查，了解骨折对立、对线情况，最佳方法是：",
"options": [
"X线透视",
"X线平片",
"CT",
"CT三维重建",
"MRI"
],
"correct_answer": "X线平片",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "女性，59岁，进食后有胀满感，腹痛，体重急剧下降，顽固性腰背部疼痛，出现黄疸，上腹部可扪及肿块，超声检查示胰头部可见一不规则低回声肿块，向周围蟹足样浸润，胆管及胰管显著扩张。首先考虑是",
"options": [
"胰腺假性囊肿",
"胆管癌",
"壶腹部癌",
"胰腺癌",
"胰腺囊腺瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "胰腺癌",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "男，31岁，因发热、肝区疼痛来诊。超声发现肝肿大，右肝可见椭圆形占位病变6.0cmX5.5cm，其边界清晰、光滑，内部有低回声，肿物后方回声显著增强，可见侧边声影。根据声像图特征，诊断最有可能是：",
"options": [
"肝囊肿",
"肝实质性肿瘤",
"肝囊肿合并出血",
"肝囊肿合并感染",
"肝囊腺瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "肝囊肿合并感染",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "李某，男，15岁，数年来多处骨折伴有关节疼痛，肝肾功能正常，超声显示甲状腺下极背侧1.0×1.5cm，低回声结节，包膜完整，血流丰富，它最可能是",
"options": [
"甲状旁腺腺瘤",
"甲状旁腺癌",
"低血钙症",
"肾结石",
"以上都不是"
],
"correct_answer": "甲状旁腺腺瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "39岁女性，体检发现肾占位，超声为强回声，平扫CT值一80HU，无明显强化，应首先考虑",
"options": [
"肾囊肿",
"肾腺癌",
"肾血管平滑肌脂肪瘤",
"肾脓肿",
"肾结核"
],
"correct_answer": "肾血管平滑肌脂肪瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "男性患者，37岁，既往有肝炎史，超声发现脾脏显著肿大，肝表面不光滑，肝实质回声不均匀。右肝可见3cm的圆形病变，边缘整齐光滑，有弱回声晕，内部为均匀低回声，诊断最可能是：",
"options": [
"慢性肝炎",
"慢性肝炎合并肝硬化",
"肝硬化合并肝囊肿",
"肝硬化合并肝肿瘤",
"肝硬化合并门静脉高压"
],
"correct_answer": "肝硬化合并肝肿瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者，男性，60岁，上腹不适伴体重下降2月，超声声像图显示胰头区不规则低回声实性肿块，边界不清，呈蟹足状，下腔静脉受压移位，肝内外胆管扩张，主胰管内径4mm，最可能诊断是",
"options": [
"胰岛细胞瘤",
"胰腺癌",
"腹膜后肿瘤",
"胆管癌",
"壶腹癌"
],
"correct_answer": "胰腺癌",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "一中年男性，因腰痛、尿频、尿急就诊，CT示右肾上极5cm大小略低密度占位，边缘模糊，环形强化，邻近肾周有积液，应首先考虑",
"options": [
"右肾上极肾结核",
"右肾上极脓肿",
"右肾上极错构瘤",
"右肾上极肾母细胞瘤",
"右肾上极腺癌"
],
"correct_answer": "右肾上极脓肿",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者男性，59岁，无痛性血尿二月，右腹包块伴压痛，静脉肾盂造影示肾盂肾盏受压移位、伸长且不规则，并可见小充盈缺损。应首先诊断为：",
"options": [
"肾结石",
"多囊肾",
"肾腺癌",
"肾胚胎瘤",
"肾转移癌"
],
"correct_answer": "肾腺癌",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "45岁男性，体检发现胆总管局限性扩张，CT增强扫描，扩张的胆总管壁无增厚、强化表现，肝内胆管结构正常，胆总管远端无“截断征”，最可能诊断为",
"options": [
"化脓性胆管炎",
"壶腹癌",
"胰头癌",
"先天性胆总管囊样扩张症",
"硬化性胆管炎"
],
"correct_answer": "先天性胆总管囊样扩张症",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者，女，54岁，血尿1年余，右腰痛10天余，CT示右肾下极60mm×70mm肿块，突出肾外，中心有不规则低密度区，增强扫描早期病灶明显强化，中心低密度区无强化。最可能的诊断为",
"options": [
"肾癌",
"肾血管肌肉脂肪瘤",
"肾腺瘤",
"肾脓肿",
"肾转移癌"
],
"correct_answer": "肾癌",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "男性,48岁,反复发热咳嗽,X线片示右肺中野有点片状阴影,边缘模糊,密度不均匀,经抗炎治疗复查大部分吸收,一月后该影在同一部位重复出现,应考虑为",
"options": [
"病毒性肺炎",
"干酪性肺炎",
"阻塞性肺炎",
"支原体肺炎",
"过敏性肺炎"
],
"correct_answer": "阻塞性肺炎",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "男性患者，60岁，胸部CT扫描右下肺内有一类圆形病灶，呈分叶状，有毛刺，密度不均匀，偏心空洞，纵隔内见淋巴结肿大，最可能诊断为",
"options": [
"中央型肺癌",
"周围型肺癌",
"肺结核瘤",
"肺转移瘤",
"纵隔肿瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "周围型肺癌",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患儿，15岁，反复鼻衄1年。CT示翼腭窝软组织肿块，压迫上颌窦后壁弯曲前移，明显强化，可诊断为",
"options": [
"淋巴瘤",
"肉瘤",
"恶性肿瘤",
"癌",
"血管纤维瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "血管纤维瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "34岁男性，反复发作难治性消化道溃疡，CT平扫未见特殊，薄层动态增强扫描，胰体内发现1．5cm强化结节，应首先考虑",
"options": [
"胰腺癌",
"胰腺转移瘤",
"胰腺囊肿",
"胰腺囊腺瘤",
"胰腺胃泌素瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "胰腺胃泌素瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者女性，乳腺癌术后8月，无肝炎病史，超声检查发现肝脏弥漫性回声增强，不均匀，右后叶见一3×4cm低回声区，边界尚清，不规则。超声诊断首先考虑下面哪组疾病",
"options": [
"肝脓肿与肝转移癌",
"肝硬化与原发性肝癌",
"非均匀性脂肪肝与肝转移癌",
"原发性肝癌并肝内转移"
],
"correct_answer": "非均匀性脂肪肝与肝转移癌",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "65岁女性，绝经后不规则阴道流血10天就诊，阴道镜示阴道及子宫颈形态尚可，宫颈管口有少量血性分泌物，CT示子宫体积增大，最可能的诊断是什么？进一步的检查首选方法是什么",
"options": [
"子宫肌瘤",
"子宫内膜癌",
"子宫腺肌病",
"子宫颈癌",
"子宫内膜炎"
],
"correct_answer": "子宫内膜癌",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "2岁男孩，因无痛性腹块就诊，CT示左肾上腺区12cm巨大肿块，形态不规则，密度不均，有斑点样钙化，左肾向下方移位，应首先考虑",
"options": [
"左肾上腺结核",
"左肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤",
"左肾上腺腺瘤",
"左肾上腺神经母细胞瘤",
"左肾上腺腺癌"
],
"correct_answer": "左肾上腺神经母细胞瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "女性，30岁，阵发性高血压伴出汗、头痛和心悸，MRI检查在腹主动脉旁可以看见一直径3cm的肿块，包膜完整。T1WI呈低信号，T2WI呈高信号，其强度接近脑脊液，注射Gd-DTPA后不均匀强化。应首先考虑为",
"options": [
"淋巴瘤",
"神经纤维瘤",
"脂肪肉瘤",
"异位嗜铬细胞瘤",
"转移瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "异位嗜铬细胞瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "男性不育患者，超声检查双侧睾丸附睾未见异常，双侧精索纵断扫查见不规则管状结构，内径分别为：左侧2.7mm，右侧1.5mm，CDFI可见其内有彩色血流信号，站立位，Valsalva动作，可见左侧血流信号颜色反转。其超声检查提示为",
"options": [
"双侧精索静脉曲张并返流",
"双侧精索静脉曲张未见返流",
"右侧精索静脉曲张并返流",
"左侧精索静脉曲张并返流"
],
"correct_answer": "左侧精索静脉曲张并返流",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "男，60岁，突然剧烈头痛，CT平扫示脑沟、脑池密度高，以脚间池为明显，最可能的诊断是",
"options": [
"基底动脉瘤破裂出血",
"大脑中动脉瘤破裂出血",
"大脑前动脉瘤破裂出血",
"大脑后动脉瘤破裂出血",
"后交通动脉瘤破裂出血"
],
"correct_answer": "基底动脉瘤破裂出血",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "女，33岁，右眼球突出三个月，自觉眼球有搏动感，B超发现球后紊乱血流，最可能的诊断为",
"options": [
"Graves病",
"炎性假瘤",
"眼静脉曲张",
"颈动脉海绵窦瘘",
"球后肿瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "颈动脉海绵窦瘘",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者男性，36岁，突发左下腹绞痛2小时，无发热，血象正常。尿常规：红细胞30～40个。超声检查见左肾集合系统轻度分离，左输尿管上段内径0.6cm，其远端显示不清。最可能的超声诊断是：",
"options": [
"输尿管癌",
"急性前列腺炎",
"急性肾小球肾炎",
"输尿管结石"
],
"correct_answer": "输尿管结石",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "21岁男性，体检发现肝右叶6cm占位，CT及MRI扫描除病灶中央可见放射状低密度／低信号影外，病灶实体未见显示，应首先考虑",
"options": [
"原发性肝癌",
"局灶性结节增生",
"肝血管瘤",
"介入后致密斑",
"肝脏炎性假瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "局灶性结节增生",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者，6岁女孩，有腹部手术史。腹痛、腹胀2天，腹部X线平片如图所示。诊断考虑",
"options": [
"乙状结肠扭转",
"小肠梗阻",
"正常腹部平片",
"溃疡型肠炎",
"结肠梗阻"
],
"correct_answer": "小肠梗阻",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者老年男性，因“突发右上腹疼痛12小时”入院，腹部正位片如图，诊断",
"options": [
"消化道溃疡",
"消化道穿孔",
"胆囊炎",
"胰腺炎",
"阑尾炎"
],
"correct_answer": "消化道穿孔",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者中年女性，进食油腻食物后突发右上腹疼痛，肝胆超声如图，诊断首先考虑",
"options": [
"肝囊肿",
"肝癌",
"肝血管瘤",
"胆囊癌",
"胆囊结石"
],
"correct_answer": "胆囊结石",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者女，13岁，患者于2月前无明显诱因出现右大腿下段肿块、疼痛，活动不便。MRI平扫如下图所示，该患者的诊断是",
"options": [
"尤文氏肉瘤",
"软骨肉瘤",
"骨样骨瘤",
"骨母细胞瘤",
"骨肉瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "骨肉瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患者女，46岁，左眼痛半年余。MRI平扫+增强如下图，该患者诊断为",
"options": [
"左眼Graves眼病",
"左眼海绵状血管瘤",
"左眼炎性假瘤",
"左眼眼眶静脉曲张",
"左眼视神经胶质瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "左眼炎性假瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "女性，34岁，反复活动后气促伴易疲劳，查体：胸骨左缘第2-4肋间可闻及Ⅱ-Ⅲ级吹风样收缩期杂音，胸部增强CT如图所示，首先考虑什么诊断",
"options": [
"动脉导管未闭",
"室间隔缺损",
"房间隔缺损",
"法洛四联症",
"肺动脉口狭窄"
],
"correct_answer": "房间隔缺损",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "患儿，3岁，反复劳累后气促伴发绀，体检：胸骨左缘第2-4肋间可闻及Ⅲ级以上粗糙、响亮的全收缩期杂音，常伴收缩期震颤，胸部CT如图所示，首先考虑什么诊断",
"options": [
"动脉导管未闭",
"室间隔缺损",
"房间隔缺损",
"法洛四联症",
"肺动脉口狭窄"
],
"correct_answer": "室间隔缺损",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "男性，56岁，胸部X线提示：心影在正常范围，心腰弧度消失，伴有肝大、腹水及下肢浮肿，结合如图所示，最可能的诊断是",
"options": [
"多发性浆膜炎",
"心力衰竭",
"心肌病",
"纵隔恶性肿瘤",
"缩窄性心包炎"
],
"correct_answer": "缩窄性心包炎",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "女性，54岁，反复劳累后气促、憋闷伴乏力5年余，体检：心尖区可闻及全收缩期杂音，常向左侧腋中线传导，胸部X线如图所示，首先考虑的诊断是",
"options": [
"主动脉狭",
"主动脉瓣关闭不全",
"二尖瓣狭窄伴关闭不全",
"慢性缩窄性心包炎",
"法洛氏四联症"
],
"correct_answer": "二尖瓣狭窄伴关闭不全",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "男性，59岁，因“发现右肾占位20余年，伴右腹部胀痛6天”入院。无尿红尿急。腹部CT如图，该病人的可能诊断是什么",
"options": [
"右肾囊肿",
"右肾癌",
"右肾结核",
"右肾脂肪肉瘤",
"右肾错构瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "右肾错构瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "男，30岁，突发左腰部绞痛伴镜下血尿，左腰部轻度压痛和叩击痛，无肌紧张，查CT如图所示，首先应考虑",
"options": [
"左侧输尿管移行上皮癌",
"左侧输尿管结核",
"左输尿管盆段结石",
"左输尿管腹段结石",
"左输尿管膀胱壁内段结石"
],
"correct_answer": "左输尿管盆段结石",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "女，30岁，自诉放置节育器5年，腹部不适。超声综合描述：经阴道扫查子宫后位，形态大小正常，肌壁回声均匀，宫腔内可见“一”字形强回声，距宫底3.2 cm。超声提示",
"options": [
"宫内节育器位置下移",
"宫内节育器位置正常",
"宫腔内气体回声",
"异位节育器"
],
"correct_answer": "宫内节育器位置下移",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "女性，27岁。体检时B超检查发现右侧附件区囊性占位性病变，CT检查如下图。下列说法错误的是",
"options": [
"病灶为单房，壁薄，无分隔",
"病灶来源于右侧卵巢",
"病灶边界清晰",
"考虑为卵巢囊肿",
"考虑为卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤"
],
"correct_answer": "考虑为卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤",
"explanation": "暂无"
},
{
"type": "A2型题",
"question": "男性，71岁。尿频，排尿困难4年，加重1个月，CT图像见下图，最有可能的诊断是",
"options": [
"前列腺囊肿",
"前列腺增生",
"前列腺炎",
"前列腺癌",
"前列腺脓肿"
],
"correct_answer": "前列腺增生",
"explanation": "暂无"
}
]};